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Showing entries (1921 – 1940 of 2020)

varyganouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvariɡa

GEN.SG varygusk NOM.PL varygore ADJ varyguș

1.in-world first day of the Laefevo-Radestrian week

Synonym: asía (thirteenth month only)

Coordinate terms: → atía (second day), liría (third day), asedua (fourth day), laía (fifth day), valygdras (sixth day)

2.out-of-world Monday

Coordinate terms: → atía (Tuesday), liría (Wednesday), raldvuþs (Thursday), asedua (Friday), laía (Saturday), valygdras (Sunday)

	singular	plural
nominative	varyga ˈvariɡa	varygore vaˈriɡɔrɛ
vocative	varygose vaˈriɡɔsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	varygusk ˈvariɡɤsk	varygoris vaˈriɡɔris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	varygus ˈvariɡɤs
dative	varygun ˈvariɡɤn	varygorín vaˈriɡɔriːn
accusative	varygust ˈvariɡɤst	varygorid vaˈriɡɔrid
instrumental	varygovúr vaˈriɡɔvuːr	varygoríe vaˈriɡɔriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian varivgra, from Old Radestrian larivǧra, from Proto-Radic *alrivǧor, from *alrıvht (to return) + *-ǧor (augmentative), equivalent to varuot + -ga.

vas¹nouninanimatecountable10/05/2026

vas

Homophones: vas²

GEN.SG vug DAT.SG vá NOM.PL váte | vai ADJ vojeș

anatomy eye

	singular	plural
binary	true
nominative	vas vas	váte ˈvaːtɛ	vai vai
vocative	vase ˈvasɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vug vɤɡ	vátis ˈvaːtis	vairis ˈvairis
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vais vais
dative	vá vaː	vátín ˈvaːtiːn	vairín ˈvairiːn
accusative	vad vad	vátid ˈvaːtid	vairid ˈvairid
instrumental	vavúr ˈvavuːr	vátíe ˈvaːtiːɛ	vairíe ˈvairiːɛ

From Old Radestrian vass, from Proto-Radic *vahs, from Proto-Hirdic *bháṯəs, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱat- (eye).

vas²preposition+ instrumental08/07/2026

vas

Homophones: vas¹

spatial abstract with (comitative)

+ a	+ a’	+ ag	+ ai	+ i	+ u
vas a vas a	vas a’ vas a	vas ag vas aɡ	vas ai vas ai	vas i vas i	vas u vas u

case	personal
SG	PL	REFL	RECP
1	2	3	1	2	3
ANIM	INAN	INCL	EXCL	ANIM	INAN
ú	re	vâs	vara	dzun	dzate	sjáște	vír	vara	dzist	dzjed
instrumental	vebuorvas vɛˈbuorvas	rábuorvas ˈraːbuorvas	vâbuorvas vɤˈbuorvas	vabuorvas vaˈbuorvas	dzmerívas dzmɛˈriːvas	dzarívas dzaˈriːvas	sjárívas ˈʃaːriːvas	vírívas ˈviːriːvas	vairívas ˈvairiːvas	dzibuorvas dziˈbuorvas	dzírívas ˈdziːriːvas
case	number	interrogative- existential	demonstrative	quantifier
ANIM	INAN	PROX	DIST	indefinite	general indefinite	collective
ANIM	INAN	ANIM	INAN	ANIM	INAN
bjaș	bjar	kjes	okjes	baus	bvar	bjaș-á	bjar-á	vaus	var
instrumental	SG	bjábuorvas ˈbjaːbuorvas	bibuorvas biˈbuorvas	kaorvas ˈkɔːrvas	okuorvas ɔˈkuorvas	býbuorvas ˈbiːbuorvas	butuorvas buˈtuorvas	bjábuorvas-á ˈbjaːbuorvasaː	bibuorvas-á biˈbuorvasaː	vaobuorvas ˈvɔːbuorvas	ubuorvas uˈbuorvas
PL	bjairívas ˈbjairiːvas	bjerívas bjɛˈriːvas	terívas tɛˈriːvas	oterívas ˈɔtɛriːvas	baurívas ˈbauriːvas	børívas bœˈriːvas	bjairívas-á ˈbjairiːvasaː	bjerívas-á bjɛˈriːvasaː

From Middle Radestrian vas, from Old Radestrian wat, was, from Proto-Radic *wat, from Proto-Hirdic *wot, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wotʼ- (with).

vásnounanimatecountable24/07/2026

vaːs

GEN.SG vaùg NOM.PL váje ADJ vauiș

kinship grandfather, granddad, grandpa

Coordinate term: deșas

	singular	plural
nominative	vás vaːs	váje ˈvaːjɛ
vocative	váse ˈvaːsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vaùg ˈva.ɤɡ	vájeris ˈvaːjɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vájes ˈvaːjɛs
dative	váva ˈvaːva	vájerín ˈvaːjɛriːn
accusative	vád vaːd	vájerid ˈvaːjɛrid
instrumental	vávúr ˈvaːvuːr	vájeríe ˈvaːjɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian váss, from Old Radestrian váur, from Proto-Radic *vawawur, from Proto-Hirdic *bhakhóṯus, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱn̥-kʰó-t-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱan- (father).

vâspronounpersonal08/07/2026

vɤs

GEN.SG vâsk | vâtú DAT.SG vân | vâva POSS.SG vârș | vâriș

animate third-person singular pronoun; he, him, she, her, they, them, it; her, hers, his, their, theirs, its

There are no gendered third-person pronouns.
While ‘he’ or ‘she’ is typically understood as [+human] in English, vâs is simply [+animate] and thus may include [–human] referents.
- For example, English speakers may refer to an insect as ‘it’, or optionally with [+human] pronouns with endearment, but in Radestrian, vara¹ (it) would be ungrammatical.

	singular
short	long
nominative	vâs vɤs
genitive	vâsk vɤsk	vâtú ˈvɤtuː
dative	vân vɤn	vâva ˈvɤva
accusative	vâst vɤst	vâtad ˈvɤtad
instrumental	vâbúr ˈvɤbuːr
possessive	vârș vɤrʃ	vâriș ˈvɤriʃ

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
vârș vɤrʃ	vârșe ˈvɤrʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
vârșa ˈvɤrʃa	vârșa’ ˈvɤrʃa	vârșag ˈvɤrʃaɡ	vârșai ˈvɤrʃai	vârșei, vârși (colloquial) ˈvɤrʃei ˈvɤrʃi	vârșu ˈvɤrʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	vârișe ˈvɤriʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vârișk ˈvɤriʃk	vârișesk ˈvɤriʃɛsk	vârișeris vɤˈriʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vârișes ˈvɤriʃɛs
dative	vârișa ˈvɤriʃa	vârișen ˈvɤriʃɛn	vârișerín vɤˈriʃɛriːn
accusative	vârișt ˈvɤriʃt	vârișest ˈvɤriʃɛst	vârișerid vɤˈriʃɛrid
instrumental	vârișúr ˈvɤriʃuːr	vârișevúr vɤˈriʃɛvuːr	vârișeríe vɤˈriʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vuss, from Old Radestrian lŭss, from Proto-Radic *lıhs, from Proto-Hirdic *lɯ́hɯs, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)lɯh.

ú, re, lește, vara¹, dzun, sted, dzate, sjáște, vír

vasanouninanimate20/08/2026

ˈvasa

GEN.SG vasisk NOM.PL vasere ADJ vasiș

1.uncountable readiness, availability, disposition

2.countable science

1.data point, datum

2.plural data

	singular	plural
nominative	vasa ˈvasa	vasere ˈvasɛrɛ
vocative	vasese ˈvasɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vasisk ˈvasisk	vaseris ˈvasɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vasis ˈvasis
dative	vasen ˈvasɛn	vaserín ˈvasɛriːn
accusative	vasest ˈvasɛst	vaserid ˈvasɛrid
instrumental	vasevúr ˈvasɛvuːr	vaseríe ˈvasɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vassra, from Old Radestrian vassræ, from Proto-Radic *vahser (will, disposition), of unknown origin.

vasailesnouninanimatecountable07/07/2026

vaˈsailɛs

GEN.SG vasailig NOM.PL vasailei GEN₂.PL vasailjes

Variant: vai (symbol)

mathematics sine

	singular	plural
nominative	vasailes vaˈsailɛs	vasailei vaˈsailei
vocative	vasailese vaˈsailɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vasailig vaˈsailiɡ	vasailíris vaˈsailiːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vasailjes vaˈsaijɛs
dative	vasaileva vaˈsailɛva	vasailírín vaˈsailiːriːn
accusative	vasailed vaˈsailɛd	vasailírid vaˈsailiːrid
instrumental	vasailevúr vaˈsailɛvuːr	vasailíríe vaˈsailiːriːɛ

vas- (co-) + ailes (sine)

vasínusnounanimatecountable20/08/2026

vaˈsiːnɤs

GEN.SG vasienvu NOM.PL vasínui ADJ vasienviș

zoology whale

	singular	plural
nominative	vasínus vaˈsiːnɤs	vasínui vaˈsiːnɤi
vocative	vasínuse vaˈsiːnusɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vasienvu vaˈsienvu	vasienviris vaˈsienviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vasienvis vaˈsienvis
dative	vasienva vaˈsienva	vasienvirín vaˈsienviriːn
accusative	vasínud vaˈsiːnɤd	vasienvirid vaˈsienvirid
instrumental	vasienvúr vaˈsienvuːr	vasienviríe vaˈsienviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian svassénus, vassénus, from Old Radestrian slaþþēnvs, from Proto-Radic *slahþēnvs, from Proto-Laenkean *slak=tʰaj(n)bʱ-, from the Proto-Laenkean roots *slak- (to blow, to swell, to inflate) + *tʰaj(n)bʱ- (large fish).

vasĵabsnouninanimatecountable06/07/2026

ˈvasjaps

GEN.SG vasĵaug NOM.PL vasĵabe ADJ vasĵabiș

blindfold

	singular	plural
nominative	vasĵabs ˈvasjaps	vasĵabe ˈvasjabɛ
vocative	vasĵabse vaˈsjapsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vasĵaug ˈvasjauɡ	vasĵabiris vaˈsjabiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vasĵabis ˈvasjabis
dative	vasĵaba ˈvasjaba	vasĵabirín vaˈsjabiriːn
accusative	vasĵaud ˈvasjaud	vasĵabirid vaˈsjabirid
instrumental	vasĵabúr ˈvasjabuːr	vasĵabiríe vaˈsjabiriːɛ

vas¹ (eye) + sĵabs (bandage)

vasterenouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvastɛrɛ

GEN.SG vasterisk NOM.PL vasterire ADJ vasteriș

siblings, brothers, sisters, siblinghood, siblingship

Vastere gjø? Are you siblings?

	singular	plural
nominative	vastere ˈvastɛrɛ	vasterire vasˈtɛrirɛ
vocative	vasterise vasˈtɛrisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vasterisk ˈvastɛrisk	vasteriris vasˈtɛriris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vasteris ˈvastɛris
dative	vasterin ˈvastɛrin	vasterirín vasˈtɛririːn
accusative	vasterist ˈvastɛrist	vasteririd vasˈtɛririd
instrumental	vasterivúr vasˈtɛrivuːr	vasteriríe vasˈtɛririːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vasterre, from Old Radestrian wasterrer, from Proto-Radic *watterrir, from *wat (with) + *terrir (family), equivalent to vas- + tere.

vastraltverbintransitive20/08/2026

ˈvastralt

NPST.1S vastralge PST.1S vastralei PRESPART vastralivú PSPART vastravúl

1. to cost, to take, to require, to be worth, to stand at (+ instrumental)

2. to require effort

nonfinite forms
infinitive	vastralt ˈvastralt
connegative	vastralta vasˈtralta
supine	vastraltúr vasˈtraltuːr
participle	present	adjectival	vastraliș ˈvastraliʃ
adverbial	vastralivú vasˈtralivuː
past	adjectival	vastravúș ˈvastravuːʃ
adverbial	vastravúl ˈvastravuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		vastralga vasˈtralɡa	vastralgúș vasˈtralɡuːʃ		vastralguoș vasˈtralɡuoʃ		vastralgovú vasˈtralɡɔvuː
indicative	non-past	vastralge vasˈtralɡɛ	vastralș ˈvastralʃ	vastralg ˈvastralɡ	vastralguos vasˈtralɡuos	vastralguote vasˈtralɡuotɛ	vastralgú vasˈtralɡuː
past	vastralei ˈvastralei	vastralen ˈvastralɛn	vastraleș ˈvastralɛʃ	vastrale ˈvastralɛ	vastraluos ˈvastraluos	vastraluote ˈvastraluotɛ	vastralú ˈvastraluː
subjunctive	non-past	vastralgai vasˈtralɡai	vastralgá vasˈtralɡaː	vastralgaș vasˈtralɡaʃ	vastralga vasˈtralɡa	vastralgavuos vasˈtralɡavuos	vastralgavuote vasˈtralɡavuotɛ	vastralgavú vasˈtralɡavuː
past	vastralai ˈvastralai	vastralain ˈvastralain	vastralaiș ˈvastralaiʃ	vastralai ˈvastralai	vastralavuos vasˈtralavuos	vastralavuote vasˈtralavuotɛ	vastralavú vasˈtralavuː
optative	non-past	vastralgúe vasˈtralɡuːɛ	vastralgova vasˈtralɡɔva	vastralgúș vasˈtralɡuːʃ	vastralgú vasˈtralɡuː	vastralgovuos vasˈtralɡɔvuos	vastralgovuote vasˈtralɡɔvuotɛ	vastralgovú vasˈtralɡɔvuː
past	vastralevei vasˈtralɛvei	vastraleven vasˈtralɛvɛn	vastraleveș vasˈtralɛvɛʃ	vastraleve vasˈtralɛvɛ	vastralevuos vasˈtralɛvuos	vastralevuote vasˈtralɛvuotɛ	vastralevú vasˈtralɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	vastralgriè, vastraldriè (literary) vasˈtralɡri.ɛ vasˈtraldri.ɛ	vastralgrin, vastraldrin (literary) vasˈtralɡrin vasˈtraldrin	vastralgriș, vastraldriș (literary) vasˈtralɡriʃ vasˈtraldriʃ	vastralgri, vastraldri (literary) vasˈtralɡri vasˈtraldri	vastralgúris vasˈtralɡuːris	vastralgúrite vasˈtralɡuːritɛ	vastralgúri vasˈtralɡuːri
past	vastraleriè vasˈtralɛri.ɛ	vastralerin vasˈtralɛrin	vastraleriș vasˈtralɛriʃ	vastraleri vasˈtralɛri	vastralúris ˈvastraluːris	vastralúrite ˈvastraluːritɛ	vastralúri ˈvastraluːri
subjunctive	non-past	vastralgariè vasˈtralɡari.ɛ	vastralgarin vasˈtralɡarin	vastralgariș vasˈtralɡariʃ	vastralgari vasˈtralɡari	vastralgavúris vasˈtralɡavuːris	vastralgavúrite vasˈtralɡavuːritɛ	vastralgavúri vasˈtralɡavuːri
past	vastralairiè ˈvastralairi.ɛ	vastralairin ˈvastralairin	vastralairiș ˈvastralairiʃ	vastralairi ˈvastralairi	vastralavúris vasˈtralavuːris	vastralavúrite vasˈtralavuːritɛ	vastralavúri vasˈtralavuːri
optative	non-past	vastralgúriè vasˈtralɡuːri.ɛ	vastralgúrin vasˈtralɡuːrin	vastralgúriș vasˈtralɡuːriʃ	vastralgúri vasˈtralɡuːri	vastralgovúris vasˈtralɡɔvuːris	vastralgovúrite vasˈtralɡɔvuːritɛ	vastralgovúri vasˈtralɡɔvuːri
past	vastraleveriè vasˈtralɛvɛri.ɛ	vastraleverin vasˈtralɛvɛrin	vastraleveriș vasˈtralɛvɛriʃ	vastraleveri vasˈtralɛvɛri	vastralevúris vasˈtralɛvuːris	vastralevúrite vasˈtralɛvuːritɛ	vastralevúri vasˈtralɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian vatralt, vastralt, from Old Radestrian watraltt, from Proto-Radic *watrwalht, from *wat (with) + *rwalht (stand), equivalent to vas- + rvalt.

vastranþsnouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvastranθs

GEN.SG vastrunsk NOM.PL vastranþe ADJ vastrunþiș

rail, track

	singular	plural
nominative	vastranþs ˈvastranθs	vastranþe vasˈtranθɛ
vocative	vastranþse vasˈtranθsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vastrunsk ˈvastrɤnsk	vastranþiris vasˈtranθiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vastranþis vasˈtranθis
dative	vastranþa vasˈtranθa	vastranþirín vasˈtranθiriːn
accusative	vastranst ˈvastranst	vastranþirid vasˈtranθirid
instrumental	vastranþúr vasˈtranθuːr	vastranþiríe vasˈtranθiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vastranþs, from Old Radestrian watranþs, from Proto-Radic *watrwanþs, from *wat (with) + *rwanþs (wheel), equivalent to vas- + rvanþs.

vatverb09/07/2026

vat

NPST.1S vage NPST.3S vaș PST.1S hâlei, rnosei PRESPART rnastivú PSPART rnatúl

Variant: -at¹ (post-consonantal enclitic)

1.copula to be

1. introduces an identity predicate (+ noun or adjective)

Ú þvá vage. I am a doctor.

Re gjoriș-aga. You are tall.

2. introduces a stative predicate (+ adverb)

Virșu hņai vancí vaș. My child is sick.

2.intransitive denotes existence; there be (∃x)

Synonym: dvemt (to exist)

Irolars-aș rasda erja loráleva. There’s breakfast on the table for you.

1. to have (possessor = + dative)

Nraos-en-aș. I have a sister.

2. to wear (wearer = yn (at) + dative, er (on) + dative if headwear)

Rniezs-aș venyn. I am wearing a shirt.

Rjes-aș venger. I am wearing a hat.

3.auxiliary

1. forms the continuous aspect; be (doing) (+ adverbial present participle)

2. forms the perfective aspect; have (done) (+ adverbial past participle)

3.must, have to, shall, should (+ supine)

Synonym: slieat

nonfinite forms
infinitive	vat vat
connegative	vat does not have a connegative
supine	vatúr ˈvatuːr
participle	present	adjectival	rnastiș^△ ˈrnastiʃ
adverbial	rnastivú^△ ˈrnastivuː
past	adjectival	rnatúș^△ ˈrnatuːʃ
adverbial	rnatúl^△ ˈrnatuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		vaga ˈvaɡa	vagúș ˈvaɡuːʃ		vaguoș ˈvaɡuoʃ		vagovú ˈvaɡɔvuː
indicative	non-past	vage ˈvaɡɛ	vaș vaʃ		vaguos ˈvaɡuos	vaguote vaˈɡuotɛ	vagú ˈvaɡuː
past	hâlei^△, rnosei^△ ˈhɤlei ˈrnɔsei	hâlen^△, rnosen^△ ˈhɤlɛn ˈrnɔsɛn	hâleș^△, rnoseș^△ ˈhɤlɛʃ ˈrnɔsɛʃ	hâle^△, rnose^△ ˈhɤlɛ ˈrnɔsɛ	hâluos^△, rnosuos^△ ˈhɤluos ˈrnɔsuos	hâluote^△, rnosuote^△ hɤˈluotɛ rnɔˈsuotɛ	hâlú^△, rnosú^△ ˈhɤluː ˈrnɔsuː
subjunctive	non-past	vagai ˈvaɡai	vagá ˈvaɡaː	vagaș ˈvaɡaʃ	vaga ˈvaɡa	vagavuos ˈvaɡavuos	vagavuote ˈvaɡavuotɛ	vagavú ˈvaɡavuː
past	hâlai^△, rnosai^△ ˈhɤlai ˈrnɔsai	hâlain^△, rnosain^△ ˈhɤlain ˈrnɔsain	hâlaiș^△, rnosaiș^△ ˈhɤlaiʃ ˈrnɔsaiʃ	hâlai^△, rnosai^△ ˈhɤlai ˈrnɔsai	hâlavuos^△ ˈhɤlavuos	hâlavuote^△ ˈhɤlavuotɛ	hâlavú^△ ˈhɤlavuː
optative	non-past	vagúe vaˈɡuːɛ	vagova ˈvaɡɔva	vagúș ˈvaɡuːʃ	vagú ˈvaɡuː	vagovuos ˈvaɡɔvuos	vagovuote ˈvaɡɔvuotɛ	vagovú ˈvaɡɔvuː
past	hâlevei^△, rnosevei^△ ˈhɤlɛvei ˈrnɔsɛvei	hâleven^△, rnoseven^△ ˈhɤlɛvɛn ˈrnɔsɛvɛn	hâleveș^△, rnoseveș^△ ˈhɤlɛvɛʃ ˈrnɔsɛvɛʃ	hâleve^△, rnoseve^△ ˈhɤlɛvɛ ˈrnɔsɛvɛ	hâlevuos^△, rnosevuos^△ ˈhɤlɛvuos ˈrnɔsɛvuos	hâlevuote^△, rnosevuote^△ ˈhɤlɛvuotɛ ˈrnɔsɛvuotɛ	hâlevú^△, rnosevú^△ ˈhɤlɛvuː ˈrnɔsɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	variè^△ ˈvari.ɛ	varin^△ ˈvarin	variș^△ ˈvariʃ	vari^△ ˈvari	vagúris vaˈɡuːris	vagúrite vaˈɡuːritɛ	vagúri vaˈɡuːri
past	hâleriè^△, rnoseriè^△ hɤˈlɛri.ɛ rnɔˈsɛri.ɛ	hâlerin^△, rnoserin^△ ˈhɤlɛrin ˈrnɔsɛrin	hâleriș^△, rnoseriș^△ ˈhɤlɛriʃ ˈrnɔsɛriʃ	hâleri^△, rnoseri^△ ˈhɤlɛri ˈrnɔsɛri	hâlúris^△, rnosúris^△ hɤˈluːris rnɔˈsuːris	hâlúrite^△, rnosúrite^△ hɤˈluːritɛ rnɔˈsuːritɛ	hâlúri^△, rnosúri^△ hɤˈluːri rnɔˈsuːri
subjunctive	non-past	vagariè vaˈɡari.ɛ	vagarin ˈvaɡarin	vagariș ˈvaɡariʃ	vagari ˈvaɡari	vagavúris ˈvaɡavuːris	vagavúrite ˈvaɡavuːritɛ	vagavúri ˈvaɡavuːri
past	hâlairiè^△, rnosairiè^△ hɤˈlairi.ɛ rnɔˈsairi.ɛ	hâlairin^△, rnosairin^△ hɤˈlairin rnɔˈsairin	hâlairiș^△, rnosairiș^△ hɤˈlairiʃ rnɔˈsairiʃ	hâlairi^△, rnosairi^△ hɤˈlairi rnɔˈsairi	hâlavúris^△ ˈhɤlavuːris	hâlavúrite^△ ˈhɤlavuːritɛ	hâlavúri^△ ˈhɤlavuːri
optative	non-past	vagúriè vaˈɡuːri.ɛ	vagúrin vaˈɡuːrin	vagúriș vaˈɡuːriʃ	vagúri vaˈɡuːri	vagovúris ˈvaɡɔvuːris	vagovúrite ˈvaɡɔvuːritɛ	vagovúri ˈvaɡɔvuːri
past	hâleveriè^△, rnoseveriè^△ hɤˈlɛvɛri.ɛ rnɔˈsɛvɛri.ɛ	hâleverin^△, rnoseverin^△ hɤˈlɛvɛrin rnɔˈsɛvɛrin	hâleveriș^△, rnoseveriș^△ hɤˈlɛvɛriʃ rnɔˈsɛvɛriʃ	hâleveri^△, rnoseveri^△ hɤˈlɛvɛri rnɔˈsɛvɛri	hâlevúris^△, rnosevúris^△ ˈhɤlɛvuːris ˈrnɔsɛvuːris	hâlevúrite^△, rnosevúrite^△ ˈhɤlɛvuːritɛ ˈrnɔsɛvuːritɛ	hâlevúri^△, rnosevúri^△ ˈhɤlɛvuːri ˈrnɔsɛvuːri

The neutral past form is hâlei; rnosei is used to contrast the past from the present.

From Middle Radestrian hvatt, from Old Radestrian hlatt, from Proto-Radic *hılht, from Proto-Hirdic *p̄ɯl-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *pɯl- (to be). Suppleted forms from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)natʼ- (to become).

hjeat

vauspronounquantifieranimate20/08/2026

vaus

GEN.SG vaosk | vaotú

everyone, everybody, all

	singular
short	long
nominative	vaus vaus
genitive	vaosk vɔːsk	vaotú ˈvɔːtuː
dative	vá^△ vaː
accusative	vaost vɔːst	vaotad ˈvɔːtad
instrumental	vaobúr ˈvɔːbuːr

From Middle Radestrian vaus, from Old Radestrian vawr, from Proto-Radic *vawr, from Proto-Hirdic *bháwəs, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱaw(n)- (all).

-vaussuffixnominal27/05/2026

-vaus

GEN.SG -vovu DAT.SG -vava NOM.PL -voe

alternative form of -gaus

	singular	plural
nominative	-vaus -vaus	-voe -vɔ.ɛ
vocative	-vause -vausɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	-vovu -vɔvu	-vaviris -vaviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	-vavis -vavis
dative	-vava -vava	-vavirín -vaviriːn
accusative	-vaud -vaud	-vavirid -vavirid
instrumental	-vavúr -vavuːr	-vaviríe -vaviriːɛ

vâzșadverbuncomparable20/08/2026

vɤʒ

then, at that time

Synonym: hora

From older vâș, contaminated by kjezș, from Middle Radestrian vușș, from Old Radestrian lŭšš, from Proto-Radic *lıhš, from Proto-Hirdic *lɯ́hhɯj, from Proto-Laenkean *lɯh-hɯɟ, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)lɯh- (DIST).

veansnouninanimatecountable21/08/2026

væːns

GEN.SG vieng NOM.PL veane ADJ vieniș

blessing, boon

	singular	plural
nominative	veans væːns	veane ˈvæːnɛ
vocative	veanse ˈvæːnsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vieng vieŋɡ	veaniris ˈvæːniris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	veanis ˈvæːnis
dative	veana ˈvæːna	veanirín ˈvæːniriːn
accusative	veand væːnd	veanirid ˈvæːnirid
instrumental	veanúr ˈvæːnuːr	veaniríe ˈvæːniriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vians, from Old Radestrian viæns, from Proto-Radic *vijæns, from Proto-Hirdic *bhiṯǽnəs (gift), from Proto-Laenkean *bʱit-ǽn-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱæjt- (to give).

veasersnouninanimatecountable21/08/2026

ˈvæːsɛrs

GEN.SG veasiru NOM.PL veasere ADJ veasiriș

dinner, tea, supper

	singular	plural
nominative	veasers ˈvæːsɛrs	veasere ˈvæːsɛrɛ
vocative	veaserse ˈvæːsɛrsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	veasiru ˈvæːsiru	veaseriris ˈvæːsɛriris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	veaseris ˈvæːsɛris
dative	veasera ˈvæːsɛra	veaserirín ˈvæːsɛririːn
accusative	veaserd ˈvæːsɛrd	veaseririd ˈvæːsɛririd
instrumental	veaserúr ˈvæːsɛruːr	veaseriríe ˈvæːsɛririːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vehsers, from Old Radestrian vehþþers, from Proto-Radic *vehþþirs, from *vehþir (end of the day) + *þǫrs (food), equivalent to revese + þjers.

veatverbintransitive21/08/2026

væːt

NPST.1S vei PST.1S vișei PRESPART veșevú PSPART vevúl

to begin, to start, to commence

nonfinite forms
infinitive	veat væːt
connegative	veata ˈvæːta
supine	veatúr ˈvæːtuːr
participle	present	adjectival	veșeș ˈvɛʃɛʃ
adverbial	veșevú ˈvɛʃɛvuː
past	adjectival	vevúș ˈvɛvuːʃ
adverbial	vevúl ˈvɛvuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		veà ˈvɛ.a	veúș ˈvɛ.uːʃ		viuoș ˈvi.uoʃ		veovú ˈvɛ.ɔvuː
indicative	non-past	vei vai	veaș væːʃ	ve vɛ	viuos ˈvi.uos	viuote viˈuotɛ	viú ˈvi.uː
past	vișei ˈviʃei	vișen ˈviʃɛn	vișeș ˈviʃɛʃ	vișe ˈviʃɛ	vișuos ˈviʃuos	vișuote viˈʃuotɛ	vișú ˈviʃuː
subjunctive	non-past	veai ˈvɛ.ai	veá ˈvɛ.aː	veàș ˈvɛ.aʃ	veà ˈvɛ.a	veàvuos ˈvɛ.avuos	veàvuote ˈvɛ.avuotɛ	veàvú ˈvɛ.avuː
past	vișai ˈviʃai	vișain ˈviʃain	vișaiș ˈviʃaiʃ	vișai ˈviʃai	vișavuos ˈviʃavuos	vișavuote ˈviʃavuotɛ	vișavú ˈviʃavuː
optative	non-past	veúe vɛˈuːɛ	veova ˈvɛ.ɔva	veúș ˈvɛ.uːʃ	veú ˈvɛ.uː	veovuos ˈvɛ.ɔvuos	veovuote ˈvɛ.ɔvuotɛ	veovú ˈvɛ.ɔvuː
past	vișevei ˈviʃɛvei	vișeven ˈviʃɛvɛn	vișeveș ˈviʃɛvɛʃ	vișeve ˈviʃɛvɛ	vișevuos ˈviʃɛvuos	vișevuote ˈviʃɛvuotɛ	vișevú ˈviʃɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	veriè ˈvɛri.ɛ	verin ˈvɛrin	veriș ˈvɛriʃ	veri ˈvɛri	viúris viˈuːris	viúrite viˈuːritɛ	viúri viˈuːri
past	vișeriè viˈʃɛri.ɛ	vișerin ˈviʃɛrin	vișeriș ˈviʃɛriʃ	vișeri ˈviʃɛri	vișúris viˈʃuːris	vișúrite viˈʃuːritɛ	vișúri viˈʃuːri
subjunctive	non-past	veàriè vɛˈari.ɛ	veàrin ˈvɛ.arin	veàriș ˈvɛ.ariʃ	veàri ˈvɛ.ari	veàvúris ˈvɛ.avuːris	veàvúrite ˈvɛ.avuːritɛ	veàvúri ˈvɛ.avuːri
past	vișairiè viˈʃairi.ɛ	vișairin viˈʃairin	vișairiș viˈʃairiʃ	vișairi viˈʃairi	vișavúris ˈviʃavuːris	vișavúrite ˈviʃavuːritɛ	vișavúri ˈviʃavuːri
optative	non-past	veúriè vɛˈuːri.ɛ	veúrin vɛˈuːrin	veúriș vɛˈuːriʃ	veúri vɛˈuːri	veovúris ˈvɛ.ɔvuːris	veovúrite ˈvɛ.ɔvuːritɛ	veovúri ˈvɛ.ɔvuːri
past	vișeveriè viˈʃɛvɛri.ɛ	vișeverin viˈʃɛvɛrin	vișeveriș viˈʃɛvɛriʃ	vișeveri viˈʃɛvɛri	vișevúris ˈviʃɛvuːris	vișevúrite ˈviʃɛvuːritɛ	vișevúri ˈviʃɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian veht, from Old Radestrian vehtt (to begin), from Proto-Radic *vehht (to arise), from Proto-Hirdic *bheḵ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱek- (to arise).

vinca

velesnouninanimatecountable21/08/2026

ˈvɛlɛs

GEN.SG velig DAT.SG veleva NOM.PL velei GEN₂.PL velies ADJ velíș

wagon, cart, carriage

	singular	plural
nominative	veles ˈvɛlɛs	velei ˈvɛlei
vocative	velese ˈvɛlɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	velig ˈvɛliɡ	velíris vɛˈliːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	velies ˈvɛlies
dative	veleva ˈvɛlɛva	velírín vɛˈliːriːn
accusative	veled ˈvɛlɛd	velírid vɛˈliːrid
instrumental	velevúr ˈvɛlɛvuːr	velíríe vɛˈliːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian villess, from Old Radestrian villēr, from Proto-Radic *vihlejir, from Proto-Hirdic *bhiṯléṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱit-lét-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱajt- (to carry).

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