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va-prefix21/08/2026

ˈva- va-

Variant: van- (prevocalic)

neo-, new

From Proto-Laenkean *bʱn̥-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱæ(j)n- (new).

-vásuffix23/07/2026

-vaː

Variant: -á (post-consonantal)

forms general indefinite pro-forms; any-

Clipping of vámbruotúr (to be wanted). See vámt.

vâbisnounanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvɤbis

GEN.SG vâbig NOM.PL vâbiè ADJ vâbíș

ghoul

	singular	plural
nominative	vâbis ˈvɤbis	vâbiè ˈvɤbi.ɛ
vocative	vâbise ˈvɤbisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vâbig ˈvɤbiɡ	vâbíris vɤˈbiːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vâbies ˈvɤbies
dative	vâbiva ˈvɤbiva	vâbírín vɤˈbiːriːn
accusative	vâbid ˈvɤbid	vâbírid vɤˈbiːrid
instrumental	vâbivúr ˈvɤbivuːr	vâbíríe vɤˈbiːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vubbiss, from Old Radestrian vobbīr, from Proto-Radic *vòhbijir, from Proto-Hirdic *bhɔ́ṯbiḵis, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱat=ᵐbik-, from the Proto-Laenkean roots *bʱat- (eye) + *ᵐbik- (to damage, to harm).

vacanouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvatsa

GEN.SG vacisk NOM.PL vacere ADJ vaciș

1. unnatural death, casualty, fatality

2.victim, killed person

	singular	plural
nominative	vaca ˈvatsa	vacere ˈvatsɛrɛ
vocative	vacese ˈvatsɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vacisk ˈvatsisk	vaceris ˈvatsɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vacis ˈvatsis
dative	vacen ˈvatsɛn	vacerín ˈvatsɛriːn
accusative	vacest ˈvatsɛst	vacerid ˈvatsɛrid
instrumental	vacevúr ˈvatsɛvuːr	vaceríe ˈvatsɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vatcra, from Old Radestrian wahcræ, from Proto-Radic *wakcer, from Proto-Hirdic *wakkés, from Proto-Laenkean *wn̥kʼ-kʼé-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wankʼ- (to shrink, to shrivel, to be ill).

rabs

vadresnouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvadrɛs

GEN.SG vadrig NOM.PL vadrei ADJ vadríș

lens

	singular	plural
nominative	vadres ˈvadrɛs	vadrei ˈvadrei
vocative	vadrese ˈvadrɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vadrig ˈvadriɡ	vadríris vadˈriːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vadries ˈvadries
dative	vadreva ˈvadrɛva	vadrírín vadˈriːriːn
accusative	vadred ˈvadrɛd	vadrírid vadˈriːrid
instrumental	vadrevúr ˈvadrɛvuːr	vadríríe vadˈriːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vadress, from Old Radestrian ladrēr, from Proto-Radic *ladrejir, borrowed from Proto-Riyanic *lădréhi, from Proto-Hirdic *lrəḏléṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *lr̥d-lét-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *lɯrd- (to see).

vardt

vagaladverbuncomparable20/08/2026

ˈvaɡal

there, over there

Synonym: okal, oteral, krieksal

The referent location does not necessarily have to be visible; vagal typically has a discursive referent, whereas okal is a form of present indication of a visible location.

From Middle Radestrian vagal, from Old Radestrian laǧal (æ), from Proto-Radic *olhá læ, from Proto-Hirdic *ləhá, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)l̥h-ń̥, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)lɯh- (distal), equivalent to vara¹ + la.

vaíanouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

vaˈiːa

GEN.SG vaijusk NOM.PL vaijore

1.in-world fifth day of dzestasans (thirteenth month) during leap years

Synonym: laía (during other months), valygdras (during non-leap years)

Coordinate terms: asía (first day), atía (second day), liría (third day), aía (fourth day) ↔ valygdras (last day)

2.by extension leap day

	singular	plural
nominative	vaía vaˈiːa	vaijore ˈvaijɔrɛ
vocative	vaijose ˈvaijɔsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vaijusk ˈvaijɤsk	vaijoris ˈvaijɔris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vaijus ˈvaijɤs
dative	vaijun ˈvaijɤn	vaijorín ˈvaijɔriːn
accusative	vaijust ˈvaijɤst	vaijorid ˈvaijɔrid
instrumental	vaijovúr ˈvaijɔvuːr	vaijoríe ˈvaijɔriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vaíra, from Old Radestrian laijra, from Proto-Radic *laiǧor, from *lıēr (fifth) + *-ǧor (augmentative).

vaiþsnounanimatecountable20/08/2026

vaiθs

GEN.SG vaisk NOM.PL vaiðe ADJ vaiðiș

virgin

	singular	plural
nominative	vaiþs vaiθs	vaiðe ˈvaiðɛ
vocative	vaiþse ˈvaiθsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vaisk vaisk	vaiðiris ˈvaiðiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vaiðis ˈvaiðis
dative	vaiða ˈvaiða	vaiðirín ˈvaiðiriːn
accusative	vaist vaist	vaiðirid ˈvaiðirid
instrumental	vaiðúr ˈvaiðuːr	vaiðiríe ˈvaiðiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vaiþs, from Old Radestrian vaeþre, from Proto-Radic *vaweþir, from Proto-Hirdic *bhakhwéthis, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱn̥-k(ʰ)wé-tʰ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱæ(j)n- (new).

vakausnounanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvakaus

GEN.SG vakovu DAT.SG vakava NOM.PL vakoe ADJ vakoviș

monster

	singular	plural
nominative	vakaus ˈvakaus	vakoe ˈvakɔ.ɛ
vocative	vakause vaˈkausɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vakovu ˈvakɔvu	vakaviris vaˈkaviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vakavis ˈvakavis
dative	vakava ˈvakava	vakavirín vaˈkaviriːn
accusative	vakaud ˈvakaud	vakavirid vaˈkavirid
instrumental	vakavúr ˈvakavuːr	vakaviríe vaˈkaviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vakvaus, vakaus, from Old Radestrian wakwalro, from Proto-Radic *wakǧalur, from Proto-Laenkean *wn̥kʼ-gʱo-l-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wankʼ- (to shrink, to shrivel, to be ill).

vakșerenouninanimateuncountable20/08/2026

ˈvakʃɛrɛ

GEN.SG vakșeru DAT.SG vakșera ADJ vakșereș

south

Coordinate terms: hováșe (north), menis (northeast), dvuoge (east), sjírus (southeast) ↔ eruole (southwest), revese (west), lierus (northwest)

	singular
nominative	vakșere^△, vakșers ˈvakʃɛrɛ ˈvakʃɛrs
vocative	vakșerse vakˈʃɛrsɛ
genitive	vakșeru ˈvakʃɛru
dative	vakșera ˈvakʃɛra
accusative	vakșerd ˈvakʃɛrd
instrumental	vakșerúr ˈvakʃɛruːr

The short nominative vakșers is used when modified with a genitive or post-posed adjective, usually in reference to a region, such as in vakșers a Rredeșesk (the South of Radestria).

From Middle Radestrian vakhers, from Old Radestrian vakhers, from Proto-Radic *vaghirs, *vakhirs, from *vār (right) + *hırs (sun). Displaced horuovs, which now means ‘lunch’.

vakyșadjectiveuncomparable20/08/2026

ˈvakiʃ

ADV vakyí

dead

Synonym: rabúș

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
vakyș ˈvakiʃ	vakyșe ˈvakiʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
vakyșa ˈvakiʃa	vakyșa’ ˈvakiʃa	vakyșag ˈvakiʃaɡ	vakyșai ˈvakiʃai	vakyșei, vakyși (colloquial) ˈvakiʃei ˈvakiʃi	vakyșu ˈvakiʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	vakyșe ˈvakiʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vakyșk ˈvakiʃk	vakyșesk ˈvakiʃɛsk	vakyșeris vaˈkiʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vakyșes ˈvakiʃɛs
dative	vakyșa ˈvakiʃa	vakyșen ˈvakiʃɛn	vakyșerín vaˈkiʃɛriːn
accusative	vakyșt ˈvakiʃt	vakyșest ˈvakiʃɛst	vakyșerid vaˈkiʃɛrid
instrumental	vakyșúr ˈvakiʃuːr	vakyșevúr vaˈkiʃɛvuːr	vakyșeríe vaˈkiʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vakyș, from Old Radestrian wakhyšjer, from Proto-Radic *wakhwer, *wakhwišjir, from Proto-Hirdic *wakkhwés, from Proto-Laenkean *wn̥kʼ-k(ʰ)wé-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wankʼ- (to shrink, to shrivel, to be ill).

vaķconjunction20/08/2026

vatʃ

but

From Middle Radestrian vatși, from Old Radestrian watiši, watši, from Proto-Radic *watiši, *watši (while), from Proto-Hirdic *wótic̱i, from Proto-Laenkean *wotʼ-ece-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wotʼ- (with).

vâlansnouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvɤlans

GEN.SG vâleng NOM.PL vâlange ADJ vâlenjeș

community

	singular	plural
nominative	vâlans ˈvɤlans	vâlange vɤˈlaŋɡɛ
vocative	vâlanse vɤˈlansɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	vâleng ˈvɤlɛŋɡ	vâlanjeris vɤˈlaɲɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	vâlanjes ˈvɤlaɲɛs
dative	vâlanga vɤˈlaŋɡa	vâlanjerín vɤˈlaɲɛriːn
accusative	vâland ˈvɤland	vâlanjerid vɤˈlaɲɛrid
instrumental	vâlangúr vɤˈlaŋɡuːr	vâlanjeríe vɤˈlaɲɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian vullans, from Old Radestrian vullænss, from Proto-Radic *wuhlænhs (tribe, clan), from Proto-Hirdic *wup̄lǽnṯəs, from Proto-Laenkean *wo(tʼ)-pl̥-ǽnt-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *pæl- (to be mighty).

válcytverbintransitive20/08/2026

ˈvaːltsit

NPST.1S válcyè PST.1S válcýe PRESPART válcývú PSPART válcjúl

to die, to perish, to fall

Synonym: rabt

Válcyt tends to refer to unnatural death.

nonfinite forms
infinitive	válcyt ˈvaːltsit
connegative	válcyta ˈvaːltsita
supine	válcytúr ˈvaːltsituːr
participle	present	adjectival	válcýș ˈvaːltsiːʃ
adverbial	válcývú ˈvaːltsiːvuː
past	adjectival	válcjúș ˈvaːltʃuːʃ
adverbial	válcjúl ˈvaːltʃuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		válcyja ˈvaːltsi.a	válcyvúș ˈvaːltsivuːʃ		válcyvuoș ˈvaːltsivuoʃ		válcyvovú ˈvaːltsivɔvuː
indicative	non-past	válcyè ˈvaːltsi.ɛ	válcyva ˈvaːltsiva	válcyș ˈvaːltsiʃ	válcy ˈvaːltsi	válcyvuos ˈvaːltsivuos	válcyvuote ˈvaːltsivuotɛ	válcyvú ˈvaːltsivuː
past	válcýe ˈvaːltsiːɛ	válcýn ˈvaːltsiːn	válcýș ˈvaːltsiːʃ	válcý ˈvaːltsiː	válcyjuos ˈvaːltsi.uos	válcyjuote ˈvaːltsi.uotɛ	válcyjú ˈvaːltsi.uː
subjunctive	non-past	válcyvai ˈvaːltsivai	válcyvá ˈvaːltsivaː	válcyvaș ˈvaːltsivaʃ	válcyva ˈvaːltsiva	válcyvavuos ˈvaːltsivavuos	válcyvavuote ˈvaːltsivavuotɛ	válcyvavú ˈvaːltsivavuː
past	válcyjai ˈvaːltsi.ai	válcyjain ˈvaːltsi.ain	válcyjaiș ˈvaːltsi.aiʃ	válcyjai ˈvaːltsi.ai	válcyjavuos ˈvaːltsi.avuos	válcyjavuote ˈvaːltsi.avuotɛ	válcyjavú ˈvaːltsi.avuː
optative	non-past	válcyvúe ˈvaːltsivuːɛ	válcyvova ˈvaːltsivɔva	válcyvúș ˈvaːltsivuːʃ	válcyvú ˈvaːltsivuː	válcyvovuos ˈvaːltsivɔvuos	válcyvovuote ˈvaːltsivɔvuotɛ	válcyvovú ˈvaːltsivɔvuː
past	válcývei ˈvaːltsiːvei	válcýven ˈvaːltsiːvɛn	válcýveș ˈvaːltsiːvɛʃ	válcýve ˈvaːltsiːvɛ	válcývuos ˈvaːltsiːvuos	válcývuote ˈvaːltsiːvuotɛ	válcývú ˈvaːltsiːvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	válcyriè ˈvaːltsiri.ɛ	válcyrin ˈvaːltsirin	válcyriș ˈvaːltsiriʃ	válcyri ˈvaːltsiri	válcyvúris ˈvaːltsivuːris	válcyvúrite ˈvaːltsivuːritɛ	válcyvúri ˈvaːltsivuːri
past	válcýriè ˈvaːltsiːri.ɛ	válcýrin ˈvaːltsiːrin	válcýriș ˈvaːltsiːriʃ	válcýri ˈvaːltsiːri	válcyjúris ˈvaːltsi.uːris	válcyjúrite ˈvaːltsi.uːritɛ	válcyjúri ˈvaːltsi.uːri
subjunctive	non-past	válcyvariè ˈvaːltsivari.ɛ	válcyvarin ˈvaːltsivarin	válcyvariș ˈvaːltsivariʃ	válcyvari ˈvaːltsivari	válcyvavúris ˈvaːltsivavuːris	válcyvavúrite ˈvaːltsivavuːritɛ	válcyvavúri ˈvaːltsivavuːri
past	válcyjairiè ˈvaːltsi.airi.ɛ	válcyjairin ˈvaːltsi.airin	válcyjairiș ˈvaːltsi.airiʃ	válcyjairi ˈvaːltsi.airi	válcyjavúris ˈvaːltsi.avuːris	válcyjavúrite ˈvaːltsi.avuːritɛ	válcyjavúri ˈvaːltsi.avuːri
optative	non-past	válcyvúriè ˈvaːltsivuːri.ɛ	válcyvúrin ˈvaːltsivuːrin	válcyvúriș ˈvaːltsivuːriʃ	válcyvúri ˈvaːltsivuːri	válcyvovúris ˈvaːltsivɔvuːris	válcyvovúrite ˈvaːltsivɔvuːritɛ	válcyvovúri ˈvaːltsivɔvuːri
past	válcýveriè ˈvaːltsiːvɛri.ɛ	válcýverin ˈvaːltsiːvɛrin	válcýveriș ˈvaːltsiːvɛriʃ	válcýveri ˈvaːltsiːvɛri	válcývúris ˈvaːltsiːvuːris	válcývúrite ˈvaːltsiːvuːritɛ	válcývúri ˈvaːltsiːvuːri

From Middle Radestrian válcytt, from Old Radestrian wlācytt, wālcytt, from Proto-Radic *wālcyht, from Proto-Hirdic *wālký-, from Proto-Laenkean *wn̥kʼ-l̥kʼý-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wankʼ- (to shrink, to shrivel, to be ill).

valesnouninanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvalɛs

GEN.SG valig DAT.SG valeva NOM.PL valei GEN₂.PL valjes ADJ valíș

scale

	singular	plural
nominative	vales ˈvalɛs	valei ˈvalei
vocative	valese ˈvalɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	valig ˈvaliɡ	valíris vaˈliːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	valjes ˈvajɛs
dative	valeva ˈvalɛva	valírín vaˈliːriːn
accusative	valed ˈvalɛd	valírid vaˈliːrid
instrumental	valevúr ˈvalɛvuːr	valíríe vaˈliːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian valess, from Old Radestrian valēr, from Proto-Radic *valejir, from Proto-Hirdic *bhaléṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *bʱn̥-lét-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱyn- (to extend, to stretch).

valișadjectivecomparable10/05/2026

ˈvaliʃ

COMP vleuobș

black

degree	form
positive	valiș ˈvaliʃ
comparative	vleuobș^△ vlɛˈuopʃ
superlative	vleúvaș^△ vlɛˈuːvaʃ
excessive	vleâbyș^△ ˈvlɛ.ɤbiʃ

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
valiș ˈvaliʃ	valișe ˈvaliʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
valișa ˈvaliʃa	valișa’ ˈvaliʃa	valișag ˈvaliʃaɡ	valișai ˈvaliʃai	valișei, valiși (colloquial) ˈvaliʃei ˈvaliʃi	valișu ˈvaliʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	valișe ˈvaliʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	valișk ˈvaliʃk	valișesk ˈvaliʃɛsk	valișeris vaˈliʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	valișes ˈvaliʃɛs
dative	valișa ˈvaliʃa	valișen ˈvaliʃɛn	valișerín vaˈliʃɛriːn
accusative	valișt ˈvaliʃt	valișest ˈvaliʃɛst	valișerid vaˈliʃɛrid
instrumental	valișúr ˈvaliʃuːr	valișevúr vaˈliʃɛvuːr	valișeríe vaˈliʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian valiș, vleș, from Old Radestrian wališjer, wlešjer, from Proto-Radic *wals, *wališjir, *wlèšjir, *wlèšjišjir, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wal- (black).

valkarsnounanimatecountable20/08/2026

ˈvalkars

GEN.SG valkaru NOM.PL valkare ADJ valkariș

zoology crow

	singular	plural
nominative	valkars ˈvalkars	valkare ˈvalkarɛ
vocative	valkarse valˈkarsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	valkaru ˈvalkaru	valkariris valˈkariris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	valkaris ˈvalkaris
dative	valkara ˈvalkara	valkarirín valˈkaririːn
accusative	valkard ˈvalkard	valkaririd valˈkaririd
instrumental	valkarúr ˈvalkaruːr	valkariríe valˈkaririːɛ

From Middle Radestrian valkvars (valkvaru), from val- (black) + kvars (crow), which had become homophonous with kvars (bear), from Old Radestrian kwars, from Proto-Radic *kwars, from Proto-Hirdic *kwárəs. Likely from the Proto-Laenkean root *k(’)wVr- (to croak, to crow).

valnsnouninanimateuncountable20/08/2026

valns

GEN.SG valung NOM.PL valne ADJ valoniș

Variant: V (symbol)

chemistry antimony (element with atomic number of 51)

Coordinate terms: helbrøzs (tin) ↔ járjesta (tellurium)

	singular	plural
nominative	valns valns	valne ˈvalnɛ
vocative	valnse ˈvalnsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	valung ˈvalɤŋɡ	valniris ˈvalniris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	valnis ˈvalnis
dative	valna ˈvalna	valnirín ˈvalniriːn
accusative	vald vald	valnirid ˈvalnirid
instrumental	valnúr ˈvalnuːr	valniríe ˈvalniriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian valns, from Old Radestrian wallns, from Proto-Radic *wahlns, from Proto-Hirdic *wáp̄ələnəs, from Proto-Laenkean *wa<pa>l-an-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wal- (black).

valskainterjection20/08/2026

ˈvalska

informal thank you, thanks (to one person)

Synonyms: valskș (formal), valúkú (plural)

See valzgt.

valskșinterjection20/08/2026

valskʃ

formal thank you, thanks (to one person)

Synonyms: valska (informal), valúkú (plural)

See valzgt.

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