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iryelme nouninanimatecountable29/07/2026

iˈrielmɛ

GEN.SG iryelmisk NOM.PL iryelmire ADJ iryelmiș

phenomenon

	singular	plural
nominative	iryelme iˈrielmɛ	iryelmire iˈrielmirɛ
vocative	iryelmise iˈrielmisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	iryelmisk iˈrielmisk	iryelmiris iˈrielmiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	iryelmis iˈrielmis
dative	iryelmin iˈrielmin	iryelmirín iˈrielmiriːn
accusative	iryelmist iˈrielmist	iryelmirid iˈrielmirid
instrumental	iryelmivúr iˈrielmivuːr	iryelmiríe iˈrielmiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian jrǿlmre, from Old Radestrian jrø̄lmre, from Proto-Radic *jręlhmir, from Proto-Hirdic *jrø̄́lṯmis, from Proto-Laenkean *ɟræwlt-me-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ɟræwlt- (to pass, to go by).

iryels nouninanimatecountable29/07/2026

ˈiriels

GEN.SG iryelg NOM.PL iryelge ADJ iryeljeș

1.past

2.history

Synonym: loruons

	singular	plural
nominative	iryels ˈiriels	iryelge iˈrielɡɛ
vocative	iryelse iˈrielsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	iryelg ˈirielɡ	iryeljeris iˈriːɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	iryeljes iˈriːɛs
dative	iryelga iˈrielɡa	iryeljerín iˈriːɛriːn
accusative	iryeld ˈirield	iryeljerid iˈriːɛrid
instrumental	iryelgúr iˈrielɡuːr	iryeljeríe iˈriːɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian jrǿls, from Old Radestrian jrø̄lss, from Proto-Radic *jręlhs, deverbal of *jręlhht, from Proto-Hirdic *jrø̄́lṯ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ɟræwlt- (to pass, to go by).

iryens nouninanimatecountable23/08/2026

ˈiriens

GEN.SG iryeng DAT.SG irýna NOM.PL iryene ADJ irýniș

geography shore, bank

	singular	plural
nominative	iryens ˈiriens	iryene iˈrienɛ
vocative	iryense iˈriensɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	iryeng ˈirieŋɡ	irýniris iˈriːniris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	irýnis iˈriːnis
dative	irýna iˈriːna	irýnirín iˈriːniriːn
accusative	iryend ˈiriend	irýnirid iˈriːnirid
instrumental	irýnúr iˈriːnuːr	irýniríe iˈriːniriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian jrǿns, from Old Radestrian jrø̄ns, from Proto-Radic *jęrns, from Proto-Hirdic *jø̄́rnəs, from Proto-Laenkean *ɟæw<r>n-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ɟæwn- (at, near).

irýeș adjectiveuncomparable05/10/2026

iˈriːɛʃ

Homophones: iryeljeș

ADV irýí

past, previous, former, prior, earlier

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
irýeș iˈriːɛʃ	irýeșe iˈriːɛʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
irýeș[[a>ă]] iˈriːɛʃa	irýeș[[a>ă]]’ iˈriːɛʃa	irýeș[[a>ă]]g iˈriːɛʃaɡ	irýeș[[a>ă]]i iˈriːɛʃai	irýeșei, irýeși (colloquial) iˈriːɛʃei iˈriːɛʃi	irýeșu iˈriːɛʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	irýeșe iˈriːɛʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	irýeșk iˈriːɛʃk	irýeșesk iˈriːɛʃɛsk	irýeșeris iˈriːɛʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	irýeșes iˈriːɛʃɛs
dative	irýeșa iˈriːɛʃa	irýeșen iˈriːɛʃɛn	irýeșerín iˈriːɛʃɛriːn
accusative	irýeșt iˈriːɛʃt	irýeșest iˈriːɛʃɛst	irýeșerid iˈriːɛʃɛrid
instrumental	irýeșúr iˈriːɛʃuːr	irýeșevúr iˈriːɛʃɛvuːr	irýeșeríe iˈriːɛʃɛriːɛ

Reformed spelling of earlier iryeljeș, from iryels (past) + -iș, which is now an orthographical doublet.

irýí adverbuncomparable05/10/2026

iˈriːː

ADJ irýeș

previously, formerly, in the past, prior

irýeș (previous) + -í

is article30/05/2026

the (animate relational genitive plural)

See i.

-is suffixnominalinanimatecountable30/08/2026

-is

GEN.SG -ig DAT.SG -iva NOM.PL -iè GEN₂.PL -jes, -ies ADJ -íș

forms nouns depicting relation or affiliation (comparable to -eșa or -ír on a smaller scale)

1.chemistry derives names of compounds; -ide

2.taxonomy derives nouns denoting members of families; -id

	singular	plural
nominative	-is -is	-iè -i.ɛ
vocative	-ise -isɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	-ig -iɡ	-íris -iːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	-jes, -ies -jɛs -ies
dative	-iva -iva	-írín -iːriːn
accusative	-id -id	-írid -iːrid
instrumental	-ivúr -ivuːr	-íríe -iːriːɛ

Back-formed from dzínis (daughter).

ista nouninanimatecountable29/07/2026

ˈista

GEN.SG istisk NOM.PL istere ADJ istiș

1.material, substance, fabric

2.chemistry -yl

	singular	plural
nominative	ista ˈista	istere ˈistɛrɛ
vocative	istese ˈistɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	istisk ˈistisk	isteris ˈistɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	istis ˈistis
dative	isten ˈistɛn	isterín ˈistɛriːn
accusative	istest ˈistɛst	isterid ˈistɛrid
instrumental	istevúr ˈistɛvuːr	isteríe ˈistɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian jistra, from Old Radestrian jiscra, from Proto-Radic *jitcer, from Proto-Hirdic *jitkés, from Proto-Laenkean *ɟitʰ-kʼé-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ɟajtʰ- (to do). Doublet of -jesta.

-ista suffixnominalinanimate23/08/2026

-ista

GEN.SG -istisk NOM.PL -istere ADJ -istiș

alternative form of -jesta

	singular	plural
nominative	-ista -ista	-istere -istɛrɛ
vocative	-istese -istɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	-istisk -istisk	-isteris -istɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	-istis -istis
dative	-isten -istɛn	-isterín -istɛriːn
accusative	-istest -istɛst	-isterid -istɛrid
instrumental	-istevúr -istɛvuːr	-isteríe -istɛriːɛ

Doublet of ista.

istesligír nounanimatecountable05/10/2026

isˈtɛsliɡiːr

GEN.SG istesligí NOM.PL istesligíre GEN₂.PL istesligjes ADJ istesligíș

chemist

	singular	plural
nominative	istesligír isˈtɛsliɡiːr	istesligíre isˈtɛsliɡiːrɛ
vocative	istesligíse isˈtɛsliɡiːsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	istesligí isˈtɛsliɡiː	istesligíris isˈtɛsliɡiːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	istesligjes isˈtɛsli.ɛs
dative	istesligea isˈtɛsliɡæː	istesligírín isˈtɛsliɡiːriːn
accusative	istesligíd isˈtɛsliɡiːd	istesligírid isˈtɛsliɡiːrid
instrumental	istesligeúr isˈtɛsliɡɛ.uːr	istesligíríe isˈtɛsliɡiːriːɛ

isteslis (chemistry) + -ír

isteslis nouninanimateuncountable05/10/2026

isˈtɛslis

GEN.SG isteslig ADJ isteslíș

chemistry

	singular
nominative	isteslis isˈtɛslis
vocative	isteslise isˈtɛslisɛ
genitive	isteslig isˈtɛsliɡ
dative	istesliga isˈtɛsliɡa
accusative	isteslid isˈtɛslid
instrumental	istesligúr isˈtɛsliɡuːr

ista (substance) + -slis (-logy)

isuovs nouninanimatecountable29/07/2026

iˈsuofs

GEN.SG isúvu NOM.PL isuove ADJ isúviș

idea, concept

	singular	plural
nominative	isuovs iˈsuofs	isuove iˈsuovɛ
vocative	isuovse iˈsuofsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	isúvu iˈsuːvu	isúviris iˈsuːviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	isúvis iˈsuːvis
dative	isúva iˈsuːva	isúvirín iˈsuːviriːn
accusative	isuovd iˈsuovd	isúvirid iˈsuːvirid
instrumental	isúvúr iˈsuːvuːr	isúviríe iˈsuːviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian issôvs, from Old Radestrian iþþôls, from Proto-Radic *ihþôls, from *êhþht (to conceive). See jást.

Ísús proper nounanimate06/06/2026

ˈiːsuːs

GEN.SG Ísuvu

Variant: Jísús (alternative spelling)

out-of-world Jesus

	singular
nominative	Ísús ˈiːsuːs
vocative	Ísúse ˈiːsuːsɛ
genitive	Ísuvu ˈiːsuvu
dative	Ísuva ˈiːsuva
accusative	Ísúd ˈiːsuːd
instrumental	Ísuvúr ˈiːsuvuːr

From Middle Radestrian Jésús, borrowed from Latin Iesus.

isúvans nouninanimatecountable05/10/2026

iˈsuːvans

GEN.SG isúveng NOM.PL isúvange ADJ isúvenjeș

ideology

	singular	plural
nominative	isúvans iˈsuːvans	isúvange iˈsuːvaŋɡɛ
vocative	isúvanse iˈsuːvansɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	isúveng iˈsuːvɛŋɡ	isúvanjeris iˈsuːvaɲɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	isúvanjes iˈsuːvaɲɛs
dative	isúvanga iˈsuːvaŋɡa	isúvanjerín iˈsuːvaɲɛriːn
accusative	isúvand iˈsuːvand	isúvanjerid iˈsuːvaɲɛrid
instrumental	isúvangúr iˈsuːvaŋɡuːr	isúvanjeríe iˈsuːvaɲɛriːɛ

isuovs (idea) + -ans (collective)

-iș suffixadjectival27/05/2026

-iʃ

ADV -í

forms relational adjectives + stem vowel raising

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
-iș -iʃ	-ișe -iʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
-iș[[a>ă]] -iʃa	-iș[[a>ă]]’ -iʃa	-iș[[a>ă]]g -iʃaɡ	-iș[[a>ă]]i -iʃai	-ișei, -iși (colloquial) -iʃei -iʃi	-ișu -iʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	-ișe -iʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	-ișk -iʃk	-ișesk -iʃɛsk	-ișeris -iʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	-ișes -iʃɛs
dative	-ișa -iʃa	-ișen -iʃɛn	-ișerín -iʃɛriːn
accusative	-ișt -iʃt	-ișest -iʃɛst	-ișerid -iʃɛrid
instrumental	-ișúr -iʃuːr	-ișevúr -iʃɛvuːr	-ișeríe -iʃɛriːɛ

From Proto-Laenkean *-icj-.

ỉș adjectivecomparable29/07/2026

iːːʃ

COMP íuobș, ívuobș ADV ỉ

hot

Antonym: blíș

degree	form
positive	ỉș iːːʃ
comparative	íuobș, ívuobș ˈiːuopʃ ˈiːvuopʃ
superlative	íúvaș, ívúvaș ˈiːuːvaʃ ˈiːvuːvaʃ
excessive	íâbyș, ívâbyș ˈiːɤbiʃ ˈiːvɤbiʃ

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
ỉș iːːʃ	ỉșe ˈiːːʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
ỉș[[a>ă]] ˈiːːʃa	ỉș[[a>ă]]’ ˈiːːʃa	ỉș[[a>ă]]g ˈiːːʃaɡ	ỉș[[a>ă]]i ˈiːːʃai	ỉșei, ỉși (colloquial) ˈiːːʃei ˈiːːʃi	ỉșu ˈiːːʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	ỉșe ˈiːːʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	ỉșk iːːʃk	ỉșesk ˈiːːʃɛsk	ỉșeris ˈiːːʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	ỉșes ˈiːːʃɛs
dative	ỉșa ˈiːːʃa	ỉșen ˈiːːʃɛn	ỉșerín ˈiːːʃɛriːn
accusative	ỉșt iːːʃt	ỉșest ˈiːːʃɛst	ỉșerid ˈiːːʃɛrid
instrumental	ỉșúr ˈiːːʃuːr	ỉșevúr ˈiːːʃɛvuːr	ỉșeríe ˈiːːʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjéiș, from Old Radestrian ǧǫišjer, from Proto-Radic *ǧǫjišjir, from Proto-Hirdic *ghɤ̄́ṯəs, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱajt- (to be hot).

itveat verbintransitive29/07/2026

ˈitfæːt

NPST.1S itviè PST.1S itvișei PRESPART itvișevú PSPART itvivúl

to think

Synonym: hvyeķ

nonfinite forms
infinitive	itveat ˈitfæːt
connegative	itveata itˈfæːta
supine	itveatúr itˈfæːtuːr
participle	present	adjectival	itvișeș ˈitfiʃɛʃ
adverbial	itvișevú itˈfiʃɛvuː
past	adjectival	itvivúș ˈitfivuːʃ
adverbial	itvivúl ˈitfivuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		itvia ˈitfi.a	itviúș ˈitfi.uːʃ		itviuoș ˈitfi.uoʃ		itviovú itˈfi.ɔvuː
indicative	non-past	itviè ˈitfi.ɛ	itveaș ˈitfæːʃ	itvi ˈitfi	itviuos ˈitfi.uos	itviuote ˈitfi.uotɛ	itviú ˈitfi.uː
past	itvișei ˈitfiʃei	itvișen ˈitfiʃɛn	itvișeș ˈitfiʃɛʃ	itvișe ˈitfiʃɛ	itvișuos ˈitfiʃuos	itvișuote ˈitfiʃuotɛ	itvișú ˈitfiʃuː
subjunctive	non-past	itviai ˈitfi.ai	itviá ˈitfi.aː	itviaș ˈitfi.aʃ	itvia ˈitfi.a	itviavuos itˈfi.avuos	itviavuote itˈfi.avuotɛ	itviavú itˈfi.avuː
past	itvișai ˈitfiʃai	itvișain ˈitfiʃain	itvișaiș ˈitfiʃaiʃ	itvișai ˈitfiʃai	itvișavuos itˈfiʃavuos	itvișavuote itˈfiʃavuotɛ	itvișavú itˈfiʃavuː
optative	non-past	itviúe ˈitfi.uːɛ	itviova itˈfi.ɔva	itviúș ˈitfi.uːʃ	itviú ˈitfi.uː	itviovuos itˈfi.ɔvuos	itviovuote itˈfi.ɔvuotɛ	itviovú itˈfi.ɔvuː
past	itvișevei itˈfiʃɛvei	itvișeven itˈfiʃɛvɛn	itvișeveș itˈfiʃɛvɛʃ	itvișeve itˈfiʃɛvɛ	itvișevuos itˈfiʃɛvuos	itvișevuote itˈfiʃɛvuotɛ	itvișevú itˈfiʃɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	itviriè itˈfiri.ɛ	itvirin ˈitfirin	itviriș ˈitfiriʃ	itviri ˈitfiri	itviúris ˈitfi.uːris	itviúrite ˈitfi.uːritɛ	itviúri ˈitfi.uːri
past	itvișeriè itˈfiʃɛri.ɛ	itvișerin itˈfiʃɛrin	itvișeriș itˈfiʃɛriʃ	itvișeri itˈfiʃɛri	itvișúris ˈitfiʃuːris	itvișúrite ˈitfiʃuːritɛ	itvișúri ˈitfiʃuːri
subjunctive	non-past	itviariè itˈfi.ari.ɛ	itviarin itˈfi.arin	itviariș itˈfi.ariʃ	itviari itˈfi.ari	itviavúris itˈfi.avuːris	itviavúrite itˈfi.avuːritɛ	itviavúri itˈfi.avuːri
past	itvișairiè ˈitfiʃairi.ɛ	itvișairin ˈitfiʃairin	itvișairiș ˈitfiʃairiʃ	itvișairi ˈitfiʃairi	itvișavúris itˈfiʃavuːris	itvișavúrite itˈfiʃavuːritɛ	itvișavúri itˈfiʃavuːri
optative	non-past	itviúriè ˈitfi.uːri.ɛ	itviúrin ˈitfi.uːrin	itviúriș ˈitfi.uːriʃ	itviúri ˈitfi.uːri	itviovúris itˈfi.ɔvuːris	itviovúrite itˈfi.ɔvuːritɛ	itviovúri itˈfi.ɔvuːri
past	itvișeveriè itˈfiʃɛvɛri.ɛ	itvișeverin itˈfiʃɛvɛrin	itvișeveriș itˈfiʃɛvɛriʃ	itvișeveri itˈfiʃɛvɛri	itvișevúris itˈfiʃɛvuːris	itvișevúrite itˈfiʃɛvuːritɛ	itvișevúri itˈfiʃɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian itviht, from Old Radestrian itvihtt, from Proto-Radic *itvihht, from Proto-Hirdic *itbhiṯ-, from Proto-Laenkean *ʔitʰ-bʱít-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ʔæjtʰ- (to perceive).

itvis nouninanimatecountable05/10/2026

ˈitfis

GEN.SG itvig DAT.SG itviva NOM.PL itviè ADJ itvíș

thought

	singular	plural
nominative	itvis ˈitfis	itviè ˈitfi.ɛ
vocative	itvise ˈitfisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	itvig ˈitfiɡ	itvíris itˈfiːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	itvies ˈitfies
dative	itviva ˈitfiva	itvírín itˈfiːriːn
accusative	itvid ˈitfid	itvírid itˈfiːrid
instrumental	itvivúr ˈitfivuːr	itvíríe itˈfiːriːɛ

Deverbal of itveat (to think).

IÚRs nouninanimateuncountable05/10/2026

ˈi.uːrs juːrs

GEN.SG IÚRu ADJ IÚRiș

pathology acronym of iraúhvuzvirvaus (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome); AIDS

	singular
nominative	IÚRs ˈi.uːrs
vocative	IÚRse iˈuːrsɛ
genitive	IÚRu iˈuːru
dative	IÚRa iˈuːra
accusative	IÚRd ˈi.uːrd
instrumental	IÚRúr iˈuːruːr

-ive suffixnominal23/08/2026

-ivɛ

GEN.SG -ivu

settlement-naming suffix; -wich

	singular
nominative	-ive^△ -ivɛ
vocative	-ivise^△ -ivisɛ
genitive	-ivu -ivu
dative	-iva -iva
accusative	-yd -id
instrumental	-ivúr -ivuːr

From Middle Radestrian -ivs, -ivre, from Old Radestrian -ilre, from Proto-Radic *-ilir, from *elir. Related to øs (home).

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