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smíșadjectivecomparable14/08/2026

smiːʃ

COMP smouobș ADV smuí

Vaonvuote leșa smoúvaș cĵásd. We wish you a most pleasant flight.

degree	form
positive	smíș smiːʃ
comparative	smouobș smɔˈuopʃ
superlative	smoúvaș smɔˈuːvaʃ
excessive	smoâbyș ˈsmɔ.ɤbiʃ

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
smíș smiːʃ	smíșe ˈsmiːʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
smíșa ˈsmiːʃa	smíșa’ ˈsmiːʃa	smíșag ˈsmiːʃaɡ	smíșai ˈsmiːʃai	smíșei, smíși (colloquial) ˈsmiːʃei ˈsmiːʃi	smíșu ˈsmiːʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	smieșe ˈsmieʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	smieșk smieʃk	smíșesk ˈsmiːʃɛsk	smíșeris ˈsmiːʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	smíșes ˈsmiːʃɛs
dative	smíșa ˈsmiːʃa	smíșen ˈsmiːʃɛn	smíșerín ˈsmiːʃɛriːn
accusative	smieșt smieʃt	smíșest ˈsmiːʃɛst	smíșerid ˈsmiːʃɛrid
instrumental	smíșúr ˈsmiːʃuːr	smíșevúr ˈsmiːʃɛvuːr	smíșeríe ˈsmiːʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian smíș, from Old Radestrian smûšjer, from Proto-Radic *tmōr, *tmîšjir, from Proto-Hirdic *cmóḡus, from Proto-Laenkean *cʼm̥-óg-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *cʼam- (heart). See resmúr.

solygaladverbuncomparable29/07/2026

ˈsɔliɡal

pregnant

From Middle Radestrian culivgal, equivalent to solygs (pregnancy) + la (in).

solygsnouninanimatecountable07/07/2026

ˈsɔliks

GEN.SG solyg NOM.PL solydze ADJ solydziș

pregnancy

	singular	plural
nominative	solygs ˈsɔliks	solydze ˈsɔlidzɛ
vocative	solygse ˈsɔliksɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	solyg ˈsɔliɡ	solydziris sɔˈlidziris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	solydzis ˈsɔlidzis
dative	solyga ˈsɔliɡa	solydzirín sɔˈlidziriːn
accusative	solygd ˈsɔliɡd	solydzirid sɔˈlidzirid
instrumental	solygúr ˈsɔliɡuːr	solydziríe sɔˈlidziriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian culivdzz, culivgs, from Old Radestrian cuðivdzre, from Proto-Radic *cuðibdzir, from Proto-Hirdic *cudhíḇgis, from Proto-Laenkean *kʼju<dʱíb>g-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *kʼjiwg- (to be heavy).

spentverbtransitive14/08/2026

spɛnt

NPST.1S spenge PST.1S spinei PRESPART spenivú PSPART spenúl

to steal

nonfinite forms
infinitive	spent spɛnt
connegative	spenta ˈspɛnta
supine	spentúr ˈspɛntuːr
participle	present	adjectival	speniș ˈspɛniʃ
adverbial	spenivú ˈspɛnivuː
past	adjectival	spenúș ˈspɛnuːʃ
adverbial	spenúl ˈspɛnuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		spenga ˈspɛŋɡa	spengúș ˈspɛŋɡuːʃ		spinguoș ˈspiŋɡuoʃ		spengovú ˈspɛŋɡɔvuː
indicative	non-past	spenge ˈspɛŋɡɛ	spenș spɛnʃ	speng spɛŋɡ	spinguos ˈspiŋɡuos	spinguote spiŋˈɡuotɛ	spingú ˈspiŋɡuː
past	spinei ˈspinei	spinen ˈspinɛn	spineș ˈspinɛʃ	spine ˈspinɛ	spinuos ˈspinuos	spinuote spiˈnuotɛ	spinú ˈspinuː
subjunctive	non-past	spengai ˈspɛŋɡai	spengá ˈspɛŋɡaː	spengaș ˈspɛŋɡaʃ	spenga ˈspɛŋɡa	spengavuos ˈspɛŋɡavuos	spengavuote ˈspɛŋɡavuotɛ	spengavú ˈspɛŋɡavuː
past	spinai ˈspinai	spinain ˈspinain	spinaiș ˈspinaiʃ	spinai ˈspinai	spinavuos ˈspinavuos	spinavuote ˈspinavuotɛ	spinavú ˈspinavuː
optative	non-past	spengúe spɛŋˈɡuːɛ	spengova ˈspɛŋɡɔva	spengúș ˈspɛŋɡuːʃ	spengú ˈspɛŋɡuː	spengovuos ˈspɛŋɡɔvuos	spengovuote ˈspɛŋɡɔvuotɛ	spengovú ˈspɛŋɡɔvuː
past	spinevei ˈspinɛvei	spineven ˈspinɛvɛn	spineveș ˈspinɛvɛʃ	spineve ˈspinɛvɛ	spinevuos ˈspinɛvuos	spinevuote ˈspinɛvuotɛ	spinevú ˈspinɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	spengriè, sperriè (literary) ˈspɛŋɡri.ɛ ˈspɛrri.ɛ	spengrin, sperrin (literary) ˈspɛŋɡrin ˈspɛrrin	spengriș, sperriș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡriʃ ˈspɛrriʃ	spengri, sperri (literary) ˈspɛŋɡri ˈspɛrri	spingúris spiŋˈɡuːris	spingúrite spiŋˈɡuːritɛ	spingúri spiŋˈɡuːri
past	spineriè spiˈnɛri.ɛ	spinerin ˈspinɛrin	spineriș ˈspinɛriʃ	spineri ˈspinɛri	spinúris spiˈnuːris	spinúrite spiˈnuːritɛ	spinúri spiˈnuːri
subjunctive	non-past	spengariè spɛŋˈɡari.ɛ	spengarin ˈspɛŋɡarin	spengariș ˈspɛŋɡariʃ	spengari ˈspɛŋɡari	spengavúris ˈspɛŋɡavuːris	spengavúrite ˈspɛŋɡavuːritɛ	spengavúri ˈspɛŋɡavuːri
past	spinairiè spiˈnairi.ɛ	spinairin spiˈnairin	spinairiș spiˈnairiʃ	spinairi spiˈnairi	spinavúris ˈspinavuːris	spinavúrite ˈspinavuːritɛ	spinavúri ˈspinavuːri
optative	non-past	spengúriè spɛŋˈɡuːri.ɛ	spengúrin spɛŋˈɡuːrin	spengúriș spɛŋˈɡuːriʃ	spengúri spɛŋˈɡuːri	spengovúris ˈspɛŋɡɔvuːris	spengovúrite ˈspɛŋɡɔvuːritɛ	spengovúri ˈspɛŋɡɔvuːri
past	spineveriè spiˈnɛvɛri.ɛ	spineverin spiˈnɛvɛrin	spineveriș spiˈnɛvɛriʃ	spineveri spiˈnɛvɛri	spinevúris ˈspinɛvuːris	spinevúrite ˈspinɛvuːritɛ	spinevúri ˈspinɛvuːri

nonfinite forms
infinitive	sperruot ˈspɛrruot
connegative	sperruota spɛrˈruota
supine	sperruotúr spɛrˈruotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	sperruviș ˈspɛrruviʃ
adverbial	sperruvivú spɛrˈruvivuː
past	adjectival	spenuokș spɛˈnuokʃ
adverbial	spenúk ˈspɛnuːk
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		spengrúa, sperrúa (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːa spɛrˈruːa	spengruvúș, sperruvúș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːʃ ˈspɛrruvuːʃ		spengruvuoș, sperruvuoș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuoʃ ˈspɛrruvuoʃ		spengruvovú, sperruvovú (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuː spɛrˈruvɔvuː
indicative	non-past	spengrúe, sperrúe (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːɛ spɛrˈruːɛ	spengruva, sperruva (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruva ˈspɛrruva	spengrúș, sperrúș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruːʃ ˈspɛrruːʃ	spengrú, sperrú (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruː ˈspɛrruː	spengruvuos, sperruvuos (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuos ˈspɛrruvuos	spengruvuote, sperruvuote (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuotɛ ˈspɛrruvuotɛ	spengruvú, sperruvú (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuː ˈspɛrruvuː
past	spirruvei ˈspirruvei	spirruven ˈspirruvɛn	spirruveș ˈspirruvɛʃ	spirruve ˈspirruvɛ	spirruvuos ˈspirruvuos	spirruvuote ˈspirruvuotɛ	spirruvú ˈspirruvuː
subjunctive	non-past	spengruvai, sperruvai (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvai ˈspɛrruvai	spengruvá, sperruvá (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvaː ˈspɛrruvaː	spengruvaș, sperruvaș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvaʃ ˈspɛrruvaʃ	spengruva, sperruva (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruva ˈspɛrruva	spengruvavuos, sperruvavuos (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuos spɛrˈruvavuos	spengruvavuote, sperruvavuote (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuotɛ spɛrˈruvavuotɛ	spengruvavú, sperruvavú (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuː spɛrˈruvavuː
past	spirruvai ˈspirruvai	spirruvain ˈspirruvain	spirruvaiș ˈspirruvaiʃ	spirruvai ˈspirruvai	spirruvavuos spirˈruvavuos	spirruvavuote spirˈruvavuotɛ	spirruvavú spirˈruvavuː
optative	non-past	spengruvúe, sperruvúe (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːɛ ˈspɛrruvuːɛ	spengruvova, sperruvova (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔva spɛrˈruvɔva	spengruvúș, sperruvúș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːʃ ˈspɛrruvuːʃ	spengruvú, sperruvú (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuː ˈspɛrruvuː	spengruvovuos, sperruvovuos (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuos spɛrˈruvɔvuos	spengruvovuote, sperruvovuote (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuotɛ spɛrˈruvɔvuotɛ	spengruvovú, sperruvovú (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuː spɛrˈruvɔvuː
past	spirruvevei spirˈruvɛvei	spirruveven spirˈruvɛvɛn	spirruveveș spirˈruvɛvɛʃ	spirruveve spirˈruvɛvɛ	spirruvevuos spirˈruvɛvuos	spirruvevuote spirˈruvɛvuotɛ	spirruvevú spirˈruvɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	spengrúriè, sperrúriè (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːri.ɛ spɛrˈruːri.ɛ	spengrúrin, sperrúrin (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːrin spɛrˈruːrin	spengrúriș, sperrúriș (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːriʃ spɛrˈruːriʃ	spengrúri, sperrúri (literary) spɛŋˈɡruːri spɛrˈruːri	spengruvúris, sperruvúris (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːris ˈspɛrruvuːris	spengruvúrite, sperruvúrite (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːritɛ ˈspɛrruvuːritɛ	spengruvúri, sperruvúri (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːri ˈspɛrruvuːri
past	spirruveriè spirˈruvɛri.ɛ	spirruverin spirˈruvɛrin	spirruveriș spirˈruvɛriʃ	spirruveri spirˈruvɛri	spirruvúris ˈspirruvuːris	spirruvúrite ˈspirruvuːritɛ	spirruvúri ˈspirruvuːri
subjunctive	non-past	spengruvariè, sperruvariè (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvari.ɛ spɛrˈruvari.ɛ	spengruvarin, sperruvarin (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvarin spɛrˈruvarin	spengruvariș, sperruvariș (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvariʃ spɛrˈruvariʃ	spengruvari, sperruvari (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvari spɛrˈruvari	spengruvavúris, sperruvavúris (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuːris spɛrˈruvavuːris	spengruvavúrite, sperruvavúrite (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuːritɛ spɛrˈruvavuːritɛ	spengruvavúri, sperruvavúri (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvavuːri spɛrˈruvavuːri
past	spirruvairiè ˈspirruvairi.ɛ	spirruvairin ˈspirruvairin	spirruvairiș ˈspirruvairiʃ	spirruvairi ˈspirruvairi	spirruvavúris spirˈruvavuːris	spirruvavúrite spirˈruvavuːritɛ	spirruvavúri spirˈruvavuːri
optative	non-past	spengruvúriè, sperruvúriè (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːri.ɛ ˈspɛrruvuːri.ɛ	spengruvúrin, sperruvúrin (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːrin ˈspɛrruvuːrin	spengruvúriș, sperruvúriș (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːriʃ ˈspɛrruvuːriʃ	spengruvúri, sperruvúri (literary) ˈspɛŋɡruvuːri ˈspɛrruvuːri	spengruvovúris, sperruvovúris (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuːris spɛrˈruvɔvuːris	spengruvovúrite, sperruvovúrite (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuːritɛ spɛrˈruvɔvuːritɛ	spengruvovúri, sperruvovúri (literary) spɛŋˈɡruvɔvuːri spɛrˈruvɔvuːri
past	spirruveveriè spirˈruvɛvɛri.ɛ	spirruveverin spirˈruvɛvɛrin	spirruveveriș spirˈruvɛvɛriʃ	spirruveveri spirˈruvɛvɛri	spirruvevúris spirˈruvɛvuːris	spirruvevúrite spirˈruvɛvuːritɛ	spirruvevúri spirˈruvɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian spent, from Old Radestrian spentt, from Proto-Radic *spenht (to steal), from Proto-Hirdic *spen-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)pen- (to take).

spestverbtransitive14/08/2026

spɛst

NPST.1S spese PST.1S spizei PRESPART spezivú PSPART spezúl

to count, to calculate

nonfinite forms
infinitive	spest spɛst
connegative	spesta ˈspɛsta
supine	spestúr ˈspɛstuːr
participle	present	adjectival	speziș ˈspɛziʃ
adverbial	spezivú ˈspɛzivuː
past	adjectival	spezúș ˈspɛzuːʃ
adverbial	spezúl ˈspɛzuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		spesa ˈspɛsa	spesúș ˈspɛsuːʃ		spisuoș ˈspisuoʃ		spesovú ˈspɛsɔvuː
indicative	non-past	spese ˈspɛsɛ	speș spɛʃ	spes spɛs	spisuos ˈspisuos	spisuote spiˈsuotɛ	spisú ˈspisuː
past	spizei ˈspizei	spizen ˈspizɛn	spizeș ˈspizɛʃ	spize ˈspizɛ	spizuos ˈspizuos	spizuote spiˈzuotɛ	spizú ˈspizuː
subjunctive	non-past	spesai ˈspɛsai	spesá ˈspɛsaː	spesaș ˈspɛsaʃ	spesa ˈspɛsa	spesavuos ˈspɛsavuos	spesavuote ˈspɛsavuotɛ	spesavú ˈspɛsavuː
past	spizai ˈspizai	spizain ˈspizain	spizaiș ˈspizaiʃ	spizai ˈspizai	spizavuos ˈspizavuos	spizavuote ˈspizavuotɛ	spizavú ˈspizavuː
optative	non-past	spesúe spɛˈsuːɛ	spesova ˈspɛsɔva	spesúș ˈspɛsuːʃ	spesú ˈspɛsuː	spesovuos ˈspɛsɔvuos	spesovuote ˈspɛsɔvuotɛ	spesovú ˈspɛsɔvuː
past	spizevei ˈspizɛvei	spizeven ˈspizɛvɛn	spizeveș ˈspizɛvɛʃ	spizeve ˈspizɛvɛ	spizevuos ˈspizɛvuos	spizevuote ˈspizɛvuotɛ	spizevú ˈspizɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	spestriè ˈspɛstri.ɛ	spestrin ˈspɛstrin	spestriș ˈspɛstriʃ	spestri ˈspɛstri	spisúris spiˈsuːris	spisúrite spiˈsuːritɛ	spisúri spiˈsuːri
past	spizeriè spiˈzɛri.ɛ	spizerin ˈspizɛrin	spizeriș ˈspizɛriʃ	spizeri ˈspizɛri	spizúris spiˈzuːris	spizúrite spiˈzuːritɛ	spizúri spiˈzuːri
subjunctive	non-past	spesariè spɛˈsari.ɛ	spesarin ˈspɛsarin	spesariș ˈspɛsariʃ	spesari ˈspɛsari	spesavúris ˈspɛsavuːris	spesavúrite ˈspɛsavuːritɛ	spesavúri ˈspɛsavuːri
past	spizairiè spiˈzairi.ɛ	spizairin spiˈzairin	spizairiș spiˈzairiʃ	spizairi spiˈzairi	spizavúris ˈspizavuːris	spizavúrite ˈspizavuːritɛ	spizavúri ˈspizavuːri
optative	non-past	spesúriè spɛˈsuːri.ɛ	spesúrin spɛˈsuːrin	spesúriș spɛˈsuːriʃ	spesúri spɛˈsuːri	spesovúris ˈspɛsɔvuːris	spesovúrite ˈspɛsɔvuːritɛ	spesovúri ˈspɛsɔvuːri
past	spizeveriè spiˈzɛvɛri.ɛ	spizeverin spiˈzɛvɛrin	spizeveriș spiˈzɛvɛriʃ	spizeveri spiˈzɛvɛri	spizevúris ˈspizɛvuːris	spizevúrite ˈspizɛvuːritɛ	spizevúri ˈspizɛvuːri

nonfinite forms
infinitive	spezdruot ˈspɛzdruot
connegative	spezdruota spɛzˈdruota
supine	spezdruotúr spɛzˈdruotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	spezdruviș ˈspɛzdruviʃ
adverbial	spezdruvivú spɛzˈdruvivuː
past	adjectival	spezuokș spɛˈzuokʃ
adverbial	spezúk ˈspɛzuːk
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		spestrúa spɛsˈtruːa	spestruvúș ˈspɛstruvuːʃ		spestruvuoș ˈspɛstruvuoʃ		spestruvovú spɛsˈtruvɔvuː
indicative	non-past	spestrúe spɛsˈtruːɛ	spestruva ˈspɛstruva	spestrúș ˈspɛstruːʃ	spestrú ˈspɛstruː	spestruvuos ˈspɛstruvuos	spestruvuote ˈspɛstruvuotɛ	spestruvú ˈspɛstruvuː
past	spizdruvei ˈspizdruvei	spizdruven ˈspizdruvɛn	spizdruveș ˈspizdruvɛʃ	spizdruve ˈspizdruvɛ	spizdruvuos ˈspizdruvuos	spizdruvuote ˈspizdruvuotɛ	spizdruvú ˈspizdruvuː
subjunctive	non-past	spestruvai ˈspɛstruvai	spestruvá ˈspɛstruvaː	spestruvaș ˈspɛstruvaʃ	spestruva ˈspɛstruva	spestruvavuos spɛsˈtruvavuos	spestruvavuote spɛsˈtruvavuotɛ	spestruvavú spɛsˈtruvavuː
past	spizdruvai ˈspizdruvai	spizdruvain ˈspizdruvain	spizdruvaiș ˈspizdruvaiʃ	spizdruvai ˈspizdruvai	spizdruvavuos spizˈdruvavuos	spizdruvavuote spizˈdruvavuotɛ	spizdruvavú spizˈdruvavuː
optative	non-past	spestruvúe ˈspɛstruvuːɛ	spestruvova spɛsˈtruvɔva	spestruvúș ˈspɛstruvuːʃ	spestruvú ˈspɛstruvuː	spestruvovuos spɛsˈtruvɔvuos	spestruvovuote spɛsˈtruvɔvuotɛ	spestruvovú spɛsˈtruvɔvuː
past	spizdruvevei spizˈdruvɛvei	spizdruveven spizˈdruvɛvɛn	spizdruveveș spizˈdruvɛvɛʃ	spizdruveve spizˈdruvɛvɛ	spizdruvevuos spizˈdruvɛvuos	spizdruvevuote spizˈdruvɛvuotɛ	spizdruvevú spizˈdruvɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	spestrúriè spɛsˈtruːri.ɛ	spestrúrin spɛsˈtruːrin	spestrúriș spɛsˈtruːriʃ	spestrúri spɛsˈtruːri	spestruvúris ˈspɛstruvuːris	spestruvúrite ˈspɛstruvuːritɛ	spestruvúri ˈspɛstruvuːri
past	spizdruveriè spizˈdruvɛri.ɛ	spizdruverin spizˈdruvɛrin	spizdruveriș spizˈdruvɛriʃ	spizdruveri spizˈdruvɛri	spizdruvúris ˈspizdruvuːris	spizdruvúrite ˈspizdruvuːritɛ	spizdruvúri ˈspizdruvuːri
subjunctive	non-past	spestruvariè spɛsˈtruvari.ɛ	spestruvarin spɛsˈtruvarin	spestruvariș spɛsˈtruvariʃ	spestruvari spɛsˈtruvari	spestruvavúris spɛsˈtruvavuːris	spestruvavúrite spɛsˈtruvavuːritɛ	spestruvavúri spɛsˈtruvavuːri
past	spizdruvairiè ˈspizdruvairi.ɛ	spizdruvairin ˈspizdruvairin	spizdruvairiș ˈspizdruvairiʃ	spizdruvairi ˈspizdruvairi	spizdruvavúris spizˈdruvavuːris	spizdruvavúrite spizˈdruvavuːritɛ	spizdruvavúri spizˈdruvavuːri
optative	non-past	spestruvúriè ˈspɛstruvuːri.ɛ	spestruvúrin ˈspɛstruvuːrin	spestruvúriș ˈspɛstruvuːriʃ	spestruvúri ˈspɛstruvuːri	spestruvovúris spɛsˈtruvɔvuːris	spestruvovúrite spɛsˈtruvɔvuːritɛ	spestruvovúri spɛsˈtruvɔvuːri
past	spizdruveveriè spizˈdruvɛvɛri.ɛ	spizdruveverin spizˈdruvɛvɛrin	spizdruveveriș spizˈdruvɛvɛriʃ	spizdruveveri spizˈdruvɛvɛri	spizdruvevúris spizˈdruvɛvuːris	spizdruvevúrite spizˈdruvɛvuːritɛ	spizdruvevúri spizˈdruvɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian spist, from Old Radestrian spiðtt, from Proto-Radic *spiðht, from Proto-Hirdic *spidh-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *spidʱ- (to measure).

spjasnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

spjas

GEN.SG spjâsk NOM.PL spjase ADJ spjâsiș

bag

	singular	plural
nominative	spjas spjas	spjase ˈspjasɛ
vocative	spjase ˈspjasɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	spjâsk spjɤsk	spjasiris ˈspjasiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	spjasis ˈspjasis
dative	spjasa ˈspjasa	spjasirín ˈspjasiriːn
accusative	spjast spjast	spjasirid ˈspjasirid
instrumental	spjasúr ˈspjasuːr	spjasiríe ˈspjasiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian spjass, from Old Radestrian spjaþs, from Proto-Radic *spjahþs, from Proto-Hirdic *spjáp̄thəs, from Proto-Laenkean *spjap-tʰ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *spjap- (bundle, tuft).

spoluotverbintransitive14/08/2026

ˈspɔluot

NPST.1S spoluote PST.1S spolúsei PRESPART spoluostivú PSPART spolútúl

1. to sell at a fair (something = + instrumental)

Synonym: ambyeat

2.religion to read mass, to deliver mass

nonfinite forms
infinitive	spoluot ˈspɔluot
connegative	spoluota spɔˈluota
supine	spoluotúr spɔˈluotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	spoluostiș spɔˈluostiʃ
adverbial	spoluostivú spɔˈluostivuː
past	adjectival	spolútúș spɔˈluːtuːʃ
adverbial	spolútúl spɔˈluːtuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		spoluota spɔˈluota	spoluotúș spɔˈluotuːʃ		spoluotuoș spɔˈluotuoʃ		spoluotovú spɔˈluotɔvuː
indicative	non-past	spoluote spɔˈluotɛ	spoluotș spɔˈluotʃ	spoluot ˈspɔluot	spoluotuos spɔˈluotuos	spoluotuote spɔˈluotuotɛ	spoluotú spɔˈluotuː
past	spolúsei spɔˈluːsei	spolúsen spɔˈluːsɛn	spolúseș spɔˈluːsɛʃ	spolúse spɔˈluːsɛ	spolúsuos spɔˈluːsuos	spolúsuote spɔˈluːsuotɛ	spolúsú spɔˈluːsuː
subjunctive	non-past	spoluotai spɔˈluotai	spoluotá spɔˈluotaː	spoluotaș spɔˈluotaʃ	spoluota spɔˈluota	spoluotavuos spɔˈluotavuos	spoluotavuote spɔˈluotavuotɛ	spoluotavú spɔˈluotavuː
past	spolúsai spɔˈluːsai	spolúsain spɔˈluːsain	spolúsaiș spɔˈluːsaiʃ	spolúsai spɔˈluːsai	spolúsavuos spɔˈluːsavuos	spolúsavuote spɔˈluːsavuotɛ	spolúsavú spɔˈluːsavuː
optative	non-past	spoluotúe spɔˈluotuːɛ	spoluotova spɔˈluotɔva	spoluotúș spɔˈluotuːʃ	spoluotú spɔˈluotuː	spoluotovuos spɔˈluotɔvuos	spoluotovuote spɔˈluotɔvuotɛ	spoluotovú spɔˈluotɔvuː
past	spolúsevei spɔˈluːsɛvei	spolúseven spɔˈluːsɛvɛn	spolúseveș spɔˈluːsɛvɛʃ	spolúseve spɔˈluːsɛvɛ	spolúsevuos spɔˈluːsɛvuos	spolúsevuote spɔˈluːsɛvuotɛ	spolúsevú spɔˈluːsɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	spoluotriè spɔˈluotri.ɛ	spoluotrin spɔˈluotrin	spoluotriș spɔˈluotriʃ	spoluotri spɔˈluotri	spoluotúris spɔˈluotuːris	spoluotúrite spɔˈluotuːritɛ	spoluotúri spɔˈluotuːri
past	spolúseriè spɔˈluːsɛri.ɛ	spolúserin spɔˈluːsɛrin	spolúseriș spɔˈluːsɛriʃ	spolúseri spɔˈluːsɛri	spolúsúris spɔˈluːsuːris	spolúsúrite spɔˈluːsuːritɛ	spolúsúri spɔˈluːsuːri
subjunctive	non-past	spoluotariè spɔˈluotari.ɛ	spoluotarin spɔˈluotarin	spoluotariș spɔˈluotariʃ	spoluotari spɔˈluotari	spoluotavúris spɔˈluotavuːris	spoluotavúrite spɔˈluotavuːritɛ	spoluotavúri spɔˈluotavuːri
past	spolúsairiè spɔˈluːsairi.ɛ	spolúsairin spɔˈluːsairin	spolúsairiș spɔˈluːsairiʃ	spolúsairi spɔˈluːsairi	spolúsavúris spɔˈluːsavuːris	spolúsavúrite spɔˈluːsavuːritɛ	spolúsavúri spɔˈluːsavuːri
optative	non-past	spoluotúriè spɔˈluotuːri.ɛ	spoluotúrin spɔˈluotuːrin	spoluotúriș spɔˈluotuːriʃ	spoluotúri spɔˈluotuːri	spoluotovúris spɔˈluotɔvuːris	spoluotovúrite spɔˈluotɔvuːritɛ	spoluotovúri spɔˈluotɔvuːri
past	spolúseveriè spɔˈluːsɛvɛri.ɛ	spolúseverin spɔˈluːsɛvɛrin	spolúseveriș spɔˈluːsɛvɛriʃ	spolúseveri spɔˈluːsɛvɛri	spolúsevúris spɔˈluːsɛvuːris	spolúsevúrite spɔˈluːsɛvuːritɛ	spolúsevúri spɔˈluːsɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian spulútt, from Old Radestrian spuðovtt, from Proto-Radic *spuðobtht, from Proto-Hirdic *spudhóḇc-, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)pu<dʱób>cʼ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)pocʼ- (to gather).

spolútúsnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

spɔˈluːtuːs

GEN.SG spolútuvu NOM.PL spolútúe ADJ spolútuviș

1.fair, convention

2.religion mass

	singular	plural
nominative	spolútús spɔˈluːtuːs	spolútúe spɔˈluːtuːɛ
vocative	spolútúse spɔˈluːtuːsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	spolútuvu spɔˈluːtuvu	spolútuviris spɔˈluːtuviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	spolútuvis spɔˈluːtuvis
dative	spolútuva spɔˈluːtuva	spolútuvirín spɔˈluːtuviriːn
accusative	spolútúd spɔˈluːtuːd	spolútuvirid spɔˈluːtuvirid
instrumental	spolútuvúr spɔˈluːtuvuːr	spolútuviríe spɔˈluːtuviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian spulútús, from Old Radestrian spuðovtulro, from Proto-Radic *spuðobtulur, from Proto-Hirdic *spudhóbculus, from Proto-Laenkean *(s)pu<dʱób>cʼ-ol-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)pocʼ- (to gather).

spøsnounanimatecountable14/08/2026

spœs

GEN.SG spivu NOM.PL speve ADJ spiviș

zoology robin (bird)

	singular	plural
nominative	spøs spœs	speve ˈspɛvɛ
vocative	spøse ˈspœsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	spivu ˈspivu	speviris ˈspɛviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	spevis ˈspɛvis
dative	speva ˈspɛva	spevirín ˈspɛviriːn
accusative	spød spœd	spevirid ˈspɛvirid
instrumental	spevúr ˈspɛvuːr	speviríe ˈspɛviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian spevs, from Old Radestrian spelre, from Proto-Radic *spelir, from Proto-Hirdic *spélis, from the Proto-Laenkean root *spel- (a small bird).

sprafvasnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

ˈsprafas

GEN.SG sprafvask NOM.PL sprafvase ADJ sprafvasiș

hazel, hazelnut

	singular	plural
nominative	sprafvas ˈsprafas	sprafvase ˈsprafasɛ
vocative	sprafvase ˈsprafasɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	sprafvask ˈsprafask	sprafvasiris spraˈfasiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	sprafvasis ˈsprafasis
dative	sprafvasa ˈsprafasa	sprafvasirín spraˈfasiriːn
accusative	sprafvast ˈsprafast	sprafvasirid spraˈfasirid
instrumental	sprafvasúr ˈsprafasuːr	sprafvasiríe spraˈfasiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian sprapvass, from Old Radestrian spraplass, from Proto-Radic *spırpalss, from Proto-Hirdic *spəspálsəs, from Proto-Laenkean *spa~spals-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *spals- (hazel).

spuksnouninanimateuncountable14/08/2026

spɤks

GEN.SG spuksk NOM.PL spukse ADJ spuksiș

mud

	singular	plural
nominative	spuks spɤks	spukse ˈspɤksɛ
vocative	spukse ˈspɤksɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	spuksk spɤksk	spuksiris ˈspɤksiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	spuksis ˈspɤksis
dative	spuksa ˈspɤksa	spuksirín ˈspɤksiriːn
accusative	spukst spɤkst	spuksirid ˈspɤksirid
instrumental	spuksúr ˈspɤksuːr	spuksiríe ˈspɤksiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian spuks, from Old Radestrian spŭkss, from Proto-Radic *spıkþs, from Proto-Hirdic *spɯ́kthɯs, from Proto-Laenkean *spɯkʰ-tʰ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *spɯkʰ- (to sludge, to wash).

srelesnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

ˈsrɛlɛs

GEN.SG srelig DAT.SG sreleva NOM.PL srelei GEN₂.PL sreljes ADJ srelíș

shovel, spade

	singular	plural
nominative	sreles ˈsrɛlɛs	srelei ˈsrɛlei
vocative	srelese ˈsrɛlɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	srelig ˈsrɛliɡ	srelíris srɛˈliːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	sreljes ˈsrɛjɛs
dative	sreleva ˈsrɛlɛva	srelírín srɛˈliːriːn
accusative	sreled ˈsrɛlɛd	srelírid srɛˈliːrid
instrumental	srelevúr ˈsrɛlɛvuːr	srelíríe srɛˈliːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian creless, from Old Radestrian crelēr, from Proto-Radic *cirlejir, from Proto-Hirdic *kizléṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *kʼiz-lét-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *kʼa(j)z- (to be flat).

srieblesnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

ˈsrieblɛs

GEN.SG srieblig DAT.SG sriebleva NOM.PL srieblei ADJ srieblíș

rope

	singular	plural
nominative	sriebles ˈsrieblɛs	srieblei ˈsrieblei
vocative	srieblese ˈsrieblɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	srieblig ˈsriebliɡ	srieblíris ˈsriebliːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	srieblies ˈsrieblies
dative	sriebleva ˈsrieblɛva	srieblírín ˈsriebliːriːn
accusative	sriebled ˈsrieblɛd	srieblírid ˈsriebliːrid
instrumental	srieblevúr ˈsrieblɛvuːr	srieblíríe ˈsriebliːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian srébless, from Old Radestrian slēblēr, from Proto-Radic *slēblejir, from Proto-Hirdic *slēbléṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *sl̥jb-lét-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *sljæb- (to bind, to link).

sryevsnounanimatecountable14/08/2026

sriefs

GEN.SG srývu NOM.PL sryeve ADJ srýviș

zoology crane (bird)

	singular	plural
nominative	sryevs sriefs	sryeve ˈsrievɛ
vocative	sryevse ˈsriefsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	srývu ˈsriːvu	srýviris ˈsriːviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	srývis ˈsriːvis
dative	srýva ˈsriːva	srývirín ˈsriːviriːn
accusative	sryevd srievd	srývirid ˈsriːvirid
instrumental	srývúr ˈsriːvuːr	srýviríe ˈsriːviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian crývs, from Old Radestrian crývre, from Proto-Radic *cȳrǧir, from Proto-Hirdic *kȳ́rghis, from the Proto-Laenkean root *kʼiwrgʱ- (crane, a large bird).

stainouninanimateuncountable14/08/2026

stai

GEN.SG staisk ADJ staiș

garlic

	singular
nominative	stai stai
vocative	staise ˈstaisɛ
genitive	staisk staisk
dative	stain stain
accusative	staist staist
instrumental	staivúr ˈstaivuːr

From Middle Radestrian stair, from Old Radestrian stair, borrowed from Old Riyan staira.

staktverbtransitive14/08/2026

stakt

NPST.1S stake PST.1S stecei PRESPART stacivú PSPART stakúl

to get, to receive

nonfinite forms
infinitive	stakt stakt
connegative	stakta ˈstakta
supine	staktúr ˈstaktuːr
participle	present	adjectival	staciș ˈstatsiʃ
adverbial	stacivú ˈstatsivuː
past	adjectival	stakúș ˈstakuːʃ
adverbial	stakúl ˈstakuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		staka ˈstaka	stakúș ˈstakuːʃ		stekuoș ˈstɛkuoʃ		stakovú ˈstakɔvuː
indicative	non-past	stake ˈstakɛ	stakș stakʃ	stak stak	stekuos ˈstɛkuos	stekuote stɛˈkuotɛ	stekú ˈstɛkuː
past	stecei ˈstɛtsei	stecen ˈstɛtsɛn	steceș ˈstɛtsɛʃ	stece ˈstɛtsɛ	stecuos ˈstɛtsuos	stecuote stɛˈtsuotɛ	stecú ˈstɛtsuː
subjunctive	non-past	stakai ˈstakai	staká ˈstakaː	stakaș ˈstakaʃ	staka ˈstaka	stakavuos ˈstakavuos	stakavuote ˈstakavuotɛ	stakavú ˈstakavuː
past	stecai ˈstɛtsai	stecain ˈstɛtsain	stecaiș ˈstɛtsaiʃ	stecai ˈstɛtsai	stecavuos ˈstɛtsavuos	stecavuote ˈstɛtsavuotɛ	stecavú ˈstɛtsavuː
optative	non-past	stakúe staˈkuːɛ	stakova ˈstakɔva	stakúș ˈstakuːʃ	stakú ˈstakuː	stakovuos ˈstakɔvuos	stakovuote ˈstakɔvuotɛ	stakovú ˈstakɔvuː
past	stecevei ˈstɛtsɛvei	steceven ˈstɛtsɛvɛn	steceveș ˈstɛtsɛvɛʃ	steceve ˈstɛtsɛvɛ	stecevuos ˈstɛtsɛvuos	stecevuote ˈstɛtsɛvuotɛ	stecevú ˈstɛtsɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	stakriè ˈstakri.ɛ	stakrin ˈstakrin	stakriș ˈstakriʃ	stakri ˈstakri	stekúris stɛˈkuːris	stekúrite stɛˈkuːritɛ	stekúri stɛˈkuːri
past	steceriè stɛˈtsɛri.ɛ	stecerin ˈstɛtsɛrin	steceriș ˈstɛtsɛriʃ	steceri ˈstɛtsɛri	stecúris stɛˈtsuːris	stecúrite stɛˈtsuːritɛ	stecúri stɛˈtsuːri
subjunctive	non-past	stakariè staˈkari.ɛ	stakarin ˈstakarin	stakariș ˈstakariʃ	stakari ˈstakari	stakavúris ˈstakavuːris	stakavúrite ˈstakavuːritɛ	stakavúri ˈstakavuːri
past	stecairiè stɛˈtsairi.ɛ	stecairin stɛˈtsairin	stecairiș stɛˈtsairiʃ	stecairi stɛˈtsairi	stecavúris ˈstɛtsavuːris	stecavúrite ˈstɛtsavuːritɛ	stecavúri ˈstɛtsavuːri
optative	non-past	stakúriè staˈkuːri.ɛ	stakúrin staˈkuːrin	stakúriș staˈkuːriʃ	stakúri staˈkuːri	stakovúris ˈstakɔvuːris	stakovúrite ˈstakɔvuːritɛ	stakovúri ˈstakɔvuːri
past	steceveriè stɛˈtsɛvɛri.ɛ	steceverin stɛˈtsɛvɛrin	steceveriș stɛˈtsɛvɛriʃ	steceveri stɛˈtsɛvɛri	stecevúris ˈstɛtsɛvuːris	stecevúrite ˈstɛtsɛvuːritɛ	stecevúri ˈstɛtsɛvuːri

nonfinite forms
infinitive	stakruot ˈstakruot
connegative	stakruota stakˈruota
supine	stakruotúr stakˈruotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	stastruviș ˈstastruviʃ
adverbial	stastruvivú stasˈtruvivuː
past	adjectival	stakuokș staˈkuokʃ
adverbial	stakúk ˈstakuːk
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		stakrúa stakˈruːa	stakruvúș ˈstakruvuːʃ		stakruvuoș ˈstakruvuoʃ		stakruvovú stakˈruvɔvuː
indicative	non-past	stakrúe stakˈruːɛ	stakruva ˈstakruva	stakrúș ˈstakruːʃ	stakrú ˈstakruː	stakruvuos ˈstakruvuos	stakruvuote ˈstakruvuotɛ	stakruvú ˈstakruvuː
past	stestruvei ˈstɛstruvei	stestruven ˈstɛstruvɛn	stestruveș ˈstɛstruvɛʃ	stestruve ˈstɛstruvɛ	stestruvuos ˈstɛstruvuos	stestruvuote ˈstɛstruvuotɛ	stestruvú ˈstɛstruvuː
subjunctive	non-past	stakruvai ˈstakruvai	stakruvá ˈstakruvaː	stakruvaș ˈstakruvaʃ	stakruva ˈstakruva	stakruvavuos stakˈruvavuos	stakruvavuote stakˈruvavuotɛ	stakruvavú stakˈruvavuː
past	stestruvai ˈstɛstruvai	stestruvain ˈstɛstruvain	stestruvaiș ˈstɛstruvaiʃ	stestruvai ˈstɛstruvai	stestruvavuos stɛsˈtruvavuos	stestruvavuote stɛsˈtruvavuotɛ	stestruvavú stɛsˈtruvavuː
optative	non-past	stakruvúe ˈstakruvuːɛ	stakruvova stakˈruvɔva	stakruvúș ˈstakruvuːʃ	stakruvú ˈstakruvuː	stakruvovuos stakˈruvɔvuos	stakruvovuote stakˈruvɔvuotɛ	stakruvovú stakˈruvɔvuː
past	stestruvevei stɛsˈtruvɛvei	stestruveven stɛsˈtruvɛvɛn	stestruveveș stɛsˈtruvɛvɛʃ	stestruveve stɛsˈtruvɛvɛ	stestruvevuos stɛsˈtruvɛvuos	stestruvevuote stɛsˈtruvɛvuotɛ	stestruvevú stɛsˈtruvɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	stakrúriè stakˈruːri.ɛ	stakrúrin stakˈruːrin	stakrúriș stakˈruːriʃ	stakrúri stakˈruːri	stakruvúris ˈstakruvuːris	stakruvúrite ˈstakruvuːritɛ	stakruvúri ˈstakruvuːri
past	stestruveriè stɛsˈtruvɛri.ɛ	stestruverin stɛsˈtruvɛrin	stestruveriș stɛsˈtruvɛriʃ	stestruveri stɛsˈtruvɛri	stestruvúris ˈstɛstruvuːris	stestruvúrite ˈstɛstruvuːritɛ	stestruvúri ˈstɛstruvuːri
subjunctive	non-past	stakruvariè stakˈruvari.ɛ	stakruvarin stakˈruvarin	stakruvariș stakˈruvariʃ	stakruvari stakˈruvari	stakruvavúris stakˈruvavuːris	stakruvavúrite stakˈruvavuːritɛ	stakruvavúri stakˈruvavuːri
past	stestruvairiè ˈstɛstruvairi.ɛ	stestruvairin ˈstɛstruvairin	stestruvairiș ˈstɛstruvairiʃ	stestruvairi ˈstɛstruvairi	stestruvavúris stɛsˈtruvavuːris	stestruvavúrite stɛsˈtruvavuːritɛ	stestruvavúri stɛsˈtruvavuːri
optative	non-past	stakruvúriè ˈstakruvuːri.ɛ	stakruvúrin ˈstakruvuːrin	stakruvúriș ˈstakruvuːriʃ	stakruvúri ˈstakruvuːri	stakruvovúris stakˈruvɔvuːris	stakruvovúrite stakˈruvɔvuːritɛ	stakruvovúri stakˈruvɔvuːri
past	stestruveveriè stɛsˈtruvɛvɛri.ɛ	stestruveverin stɛsˈtruvɛvɛrin	stestruveveriș stɛsˈtruvɛvɛriʃ	stestruveveri stɛsˈtruvɛvɛri	stestruvevúris stɛsˈtruvɛvuːris	stestruvevúrite stɛsˈtruvɛvuːritɛ	stestruvevúri stɛsˈtruvɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian stakt, from Old Radestrian stæktt, from Proto-Radic *stækht, from Proto-Hirdic *stæk-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(s)tækʼ- (to snatch).

staltverb14/08/2026

stalt

NPST.1S stalge PST.1S stelei PRESPART stalivú PSPART stavúl

1.intransitive to continue, to keep at, to stick with (something = yn + dative)

1. to continue to be, to keep being, to still be (with raș²)

2.motoring

1. to keep

Stalga la taișt. Keep left.

2. to take (an exit = + instrumental)

Stalga atíșa haòrsúr. Take the second exit.

2.auxiliary to continue, to keep, still

nonfinite forms
infinitive	stalt stalt
connegative	stalta ˈstalta
supine	staltúr ˈstaltuːr
participle	present	adjectival	staliș ˈstaliʃ
adverbial	stalivú ˈstalivuː
past	adjectival	stavúș ˈstavuːʃ
adverbial	stavúl ˈstavuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		stalga ˈstalɡa	stalgúș ˈstalɡuːʃ		stelguoș ˈstɛlɡuoʃ		stalgovú ˈstalɡɔvuː
indicative	non-past	stalge ˈstalɡɛ	stalș stalʃ	stalg stalɡ	stelguos ˈstɛlɡuos	stelguote stɛlˈɡuotɛ	stelgú ˈstɛlɡuː
past	stelei ˈstɛlei	stelen ˈstɛlɛn	steleș ˈstɛlɛʃ	stele ˈstɛlɛ	steluos ˈstɛluos	steluote stɛˈluotɛ	stelú ˈstɛluː
subjunctive	non-past	stalgai ˈstalɡai	stalgá ˈstalɡaː	stalgaș ˈstalɡaʃ	stalga ˈstalɡa	stalgavuos ˈstalɡavuos	stalgavuote ˈstalɡavuotɛ	stalgavú ˈstalɡavuː
past	stelai ˈstɛlai	stelain ˈstɛlain	stelaiș ˈstɛlaiʃ	stelai ˈstɛlai	stelavuos ˈstɛlavuos	stelavuote ˈstɛlavuotɛ	stelavú ˈstɛlavuː
optative	non-past	stalgúe stalˈɡuːɛ	stalgova ˈstalɡɔva	stalgúș ˈstalɡuːʃ	stalgú ˈstalɡuː	stalgovuos ˈstalɡɔvuos	stalgovuote ˈstalɡɔvuotɛ	stalgovú ˈstalɡɔvuː
past	stelevei ˈstɛlɛvei	steleven ˈstɛlɛvɛn	steleveș ˈstɛlɛvɛʃ	steleve ˈstɛlɛvɛ	stelevuos ˈstɛlɛvuos	stelevuote ˈstɛlɛvuotɛ	stelevú ˈstɛlɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	stalgriè, staldriè (literary) ˈstalɡri.ɛ ˈstaldri.ɛ	stalgrin, staldrin (literary) ˈstalɡrin ˈstaldrin	stalgriș, staldriș (literary) ˈstalɡriʃ ˈstaldriʃ	stalgri, staldri (literary) ˈstalɡri ˈstaldri	stelgúris stɛlˈɡuːris	stelgúrite stɛlˈɡuːritɛ	stelgúri stɛlˈɡuːri
past	steleriè stɛˈlɛri.ɛ	stelerin ˈstɛlɛrin	steleriș ˈstɛlɛriʃ	steleri ˈstɛlɛri	stelúris stɛˈluːris	stelúrite stɛˈluːritɛ	stelúri stɛˈluːri
subjunctive	non-past	stalgariè stalˈɡari.ɛ	stalgarin ˈstalɡarin	stalgariș ˈstalɡariʃ	stalgari ˈstalɡari	stalgavúris ˈstalɡavuːris	stalgavúrite ˈstalɡavuːritɛ	stalgavúri ˈstalɡavuːri
past	stelairiè stɛˈlairi.ɛ	stelairin stɛˈlairin	stelairiș stɛˈlairiʃ	stelairi stɛˈlairi	stelavúris ˈstɛlavuːris	stelavúrite ˈstɛlavuːritɛ	stelavúri ˈstɛlavuːri
optative	non-past	stalgúriè stalˈɡuːri.ɛ	stalgúrin stalˈɡuːrin	stalgúriș stalˈɡuːriʃ	stalgúri stalˈɡuːri	stalgovúris ˈstalɡɔvuːris	stalgovúrite ˈstalɡɔvuːritɛ	stalgovúri ˈstalɡɔvuːri
past	steleveriè stɛˈlɛvɛri.ɛ	steleverin stɛˈlɛvɛrin	steleveriș stɛˈlɛvɛriʃ	steleveri stɛˈlɛvɛri	stelevúris ˈstɛlɛvuːris	stelevúrite ˈstɛlɛvuːritɛ	stelevúri ˈstɛlɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian stalt, from Old Radestrian stæltt, from Proto-Radic *stælht, from Proto-Hirdic *stæl- (to continue), from the Proto-Laenkean root *stæ(j)l- (to stick, to remain).

stásnouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

staːs

GEN.SG staug NOM.PL stai ADJ staujeș

1.botany leaf

2.sheet

	singular	plural
nominative	stás staːs	stai stai
vocative	stáse ˈstaːsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	staug stauɡ	stașeris ˈstaʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	stașes ˈstaʃɛs
dative	stá staː	stașerín ˈstaʃɛriːn
accusative	stát staːt	stașerid ˈstaʃɛrid
instrumental	staúr ˈsta.uːr	stașeríe ˈstaʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian stahs, from Old Radestrian stahss, from Proto-Radic *stahhs (leaf, sheet), from Proto-Hirdic *stáṯəḵəs, from Proto-Laenkean *stat-ak-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *stat- (to grow).

státverbintransitive14/08/2026

staːt

NPST.1S stai PST.1S steșei PRESPART stașevú PSPART stavúl

to itch

nonfinite forms
infinitive	stát staːt
connegative	státa ˈstaːta
supine	státúr ˈstaːtuːr
participle	present	adjectival	stașeș ˈstaʃɛʃ
adverbial	stașevú ˈstaʃɛvuː
past	adjectival	stavúș ˈstavuːʃ
adverbial	stavúl ˈstavuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		stá staː	staúș ˈsta.uːʃ		steuoș ˈstɛ.uoʃ		staòvú ˈsta.ɔvuː
indicative	non-past	stai stai	stáș staːʃ	sta sta	steuos ˈstɛ.uos	steuote stɛˈuotɛ	steú ˈstɛ.uː
past	steșei ˈstɛʃei	steșen ˈstɛʃɛn	steșeș ˈstɛʃɛʃ	steșe ˈstɛʃɛ	steșuos ˈstɛʃuos	steșuote stɛˈʃuotɛ	steșú ˈstɛʃuː
subjunctive	non-past	stáe ˈstaːɛ	stả staːː	stáș staːʃ	stá staː	stávuos ˈstaːvuos	stávuote ˈstaːvuotɛ	stávú ˈstaːvuː
past	steșai ˈstɛʃai	steșain ˈstɛʃain	steșaiș ˈstɛʃaiʃ	steșai ˈstɛʃai	steșavuos ˈstɛʃavuos	steșavuote ˈstɛʃavuotɛ	steșavú ˈstɛʃavuː
optative	non-past	staúe staˈuːɛ	staòva ˈsta.ɔva	staúș ˈsta.uːʃ	staú ˈsta.uː	staòvuos ˈsta.ɔvuos	staòvuote ˈsta.ɔvuotɛ	staòvú ˈsta.ɔvuː
past	steșevei ˈstɛʃɛvei	steșeven ˈstɛʃɛvɛn	steșeveș ˈstɛʃɛvɛʃ	steșeve ˈstɛʃɛvɛ	steșevuos ˈstɛʃɛvuos	steșevuote ˈstɛʃɛvuotɛ	steșevú ˈstɛʃɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	stariè ˈstari.ɛ	starin ˈstarin	stariș ˈstariʃ	stari ˈstari	steúris stɛˈuːris	steúrite stɛˈuːritɛ	steúri stɛˈuːri
past	steșeriè stɛˈʃɛri.ɛ	steșerin ˈstɛʃɛrin	steșeriș ˈstɛʃɛriʃ	steșeri ˈstɛʃɛri	steșúris stɛˈʃuːris	steșúrite stɛˈʃuːritɛ	steșúri stɛˈʃuːri
subjunctive	non-past	stáriè ˈstaːri.ɛ	stárin ˈstaːrin	stáriș ˈstaːriʃ	stári ˈstaːri	stávúris ˈstaːvuːris	stávúrite ˈstaːvuːritɛ	stávúri ˈstaːvuːri
past	steșairiè stɛˈʃairi.ɛ	steșairin stɛˈʃairin	steșairiș stɛˈʃairiʃ	steșairi stɛˈʃairi	steșavúris ˈstɛʃavuːris	steșavúrite ˈstɛʃavuːritɛ	steșavúri ˈstɛʃavuːri
optative	non-past	staúriè staˈuːri.ɛ	staúrin staˈuːrin	staúriș staˈuːriʃ	staúri staˈuːri	staòvúris ˈsta.ɔvuːris	staòvúrite ˈsta.ɔvuːritɛ	staòvúri ˈsta.ɔvuːri
past	steșeveriè stɛˈʃɛvɛri.ɛ	steșeverin stɛˈʃɛvɛrin	steșeveriș stɛˈʃɛvɛriʃ	steșeveri stɛˈʃɛvɛri	steșevúris ˈstɛʃɛvuːris	steșevúrite ˈstɛʃɛvuːritɛ	steșevúri ˈstɛʃɛvuːri

Usually only used in the third person.

From Middle Radestrian staht, from Old Radestrian scæhtt, from Proto-Radic *scæhht, from Proto-Hirdic *skjæp̄-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *skjæp- (to sting, to peck).

stávenouninanimatecountable14/08/2026

ˈstaːvɛ

GEN.SG stávisk NOM.PL stávire ADJ stáviș

page

	singular	plural
nominative	stáve ˈstaːvɛ	stávire ˈstaːvirɛ
vocative	stávise ˈstaːvisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	stávisk ˈstaːvisk	stáviris ˈstaːviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	stávis ˈstaːvis
dative	stávin ˈstaːvin	stávirín ˈstaːviriːn
accusative	stávist ˈstaːvist	stávirid ˈstaːvirid
instrumental	stávivúr ˈstaːvivuːr	stáviríe ˈstaːviriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian stahhaure, from Old Radestrian stahhawre, from Proto-Radic *stahhawir, from *stahhs (leaf) + *-awir (diminutive), equivalent to stás + -ai.

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