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gĵemenouninanimatecountable09/07/2026

ˈɡjɛmɛ

GEN.SG gĵemisk NOM.PL gĵemire ADJ gĵemiș

summer

	singular	plural
nominative	gĵeme ˈɡjɛmɛ	gĵemire ˈɡjɛmirɛ
vocative	gĵemise ˈɡjɛmisɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gĵemisk ˈɡjɛmisk	gĵemiris ˈɡjɛmiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gĵemis ˈɡjɛmis
dative	gĵemin ˈɡjɛmin	gĵemirín ˈɡjɛmiriːn
accusative	gĵemist ˈɡjɛmist	gĵemirid ˈɡjɛmirid
instrumental	gĵemivúr ˈɡjɛmivuːr	gĵemiríe ˈɡjɛmiriːɛ

From Old Radestrian glemmre, from Proto-Radic *glemmir, from Proto-Hirdic *ḡlémmis, from Proto-Laenkean *glem-me-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *glem- (to mature).

gjuova, austrans, vjeņe

gjepinterjection25/07/2026

jɛp

informal yep, yeah, yes

Antonym: ei

From gje.

gjestanouninanimateuncountable26/07/2026

ˈjɛsta

GEN.SG gjestisk DAT.SG gjesten ADJ gjestiș

meat, flesh

	singular
nominative	gjesta ˈjɛsta
vocative	gjestese ˈjɛstɛsɛ
genitive	gjestisk ˈjɛstisk
dative	gjesten ˈjɛstɛn
accusative	gjestest ˈjɛstɛst
instrumental	gjestevúr ˈjɛstɛvuːr

From Middle Radestrian gjistra, from Old Radestrian ǧiscræ (meat), from Proto-Radic *ǧitcer (flesh), from Proto-Hirdic *ghitkés, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱitʼ-kʼé-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱɯtʼ- (flesh).

gjestepalusnouninanimatecountable31/07/2026

jɛsˈtɛpalɤs

GEN.SG gjestepalvu NOM.PL gjestepalui ADJ gjestepalviș

hamburger

	singular	plural
nominative	gjestepalus jɛsˈtɛpalɤs	gjestepalui jɛsˈtɛpalɤi
vocative	gjestepaluse jɛsˈtɛpalusɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjestepalvu jɛsˈtɛpalvu	gjestepalviris jɛsˈtɛpalviris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjestepalvis jɛsˈtɛpalvis
dative	gjestepalva jɛsˈtɛpalva	gjestepalvirín jɛsˈtɛpalviriːn
accusative	gjestepalud jɛsˈtɛpalɤd	gjestepalvirid jɛsˈtɛpalvirid
instrumental	gjestepalvúr jɛsˈtɛpalvuːr	gjestepalviríe jɛsˈtɛpalviriːɛ

gjesta (meat) + palus¹ (stack)

gĵetverbtransitive26/07/2026

ɡjɛt

NPST.1S gĵete PST.1S gĵesei PRESPART gĵestivú PSPART gĵetúl

to fry

nonfinite forms
infinitive	gĵet ɡjɛt
connegative	gĵeta ˈɡjɛta
supine	gĵetúr ˈɡjɛtuːr
participle	present	adjectival	gĵestiș ˈɡjɛstiʃ
adverbial	gĵestivú ˈɡjɛstivuː
past	adjectival	gĵetúș ˈɡjɛtuːʃ
adverbial	gĵetúl ˈɡjɛtuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		gĵeta ˈɡjɛta	gĵetúș ˈɡjɛtuːʃ		gĵetuoș ˈɡjɛtuoʃ		gĵetovú ˈɡjɛtɔvuː
indicative	non-past	gĵete ˈɡjɛtɛ	gĵetș ɡjɛtʃ	gĵet ɡjɛt	gĵetuos ˈɡjɛtuos	gĵetuote ɡjɛˈtuotɛ	gĵetú ˈɡjɛtuː
past	gĵesei ˈɡjɛsei	gĵesen ˈɡjɛsɛn	gĵeseș ˈɡjɛsɛʃ	gĵese ˈɡjɛsɛ	gĵesuos ˈɡjɛsuos	gĵesuote ɡjɛˈsuotɛ	gĵesú ˈɡjɛsuː
subjunctive	non-past	gĵetai ˈɡjɛtai	gĵetá ˈɡjɛtaː	gĵetaș ˈɡjɛtaʃ	gĵeta ˈɡjɛta	gĵetavuos ˈɡjɛtavuos	gĵetavuote ˈɡjɛtavuotɛ	gĵetavú ˈɡjɛtavuː
past	gĵesai ˈɡjɛsai	gĵesain ˈɡjɛsain	gĵesaiș ˈɡjɛsaiʃ	gĵesai ˈɡjɛsai	gĵesavuos ˈɡjɛsavuos	gĵesavuote ˈɡjɛsavuotɛ	gĵesavú ˈɡjɛsavuː
optative	non-past	gĵetúe ɡjɛˈtuːɛ	gĵetova ˈɡjɛtɔva	gĵetúș ˈɡjɛtuːʃ	gĵetú ˈɡjɛtuː	gĵetovuos ˈɡjɛtɔvuos	gĵetovuote ˈɡjɛtɔvuotɛ	gĵetovú ˈɡjɛtɔvuː
past	gĵesevei ˈɡjɛsɛvei	gĵeseven ˈɡjɛsɛvɛn	gĵeseveș ˈɡjɛsɛvɛʃ	gĵeseve ˈɡjɛsɛvɛ	gĵesevuos ˈɡjɛsɛvuos	gĵesevuote ˈɡjɛsɛvuotɛ	gĵesevú ˈɡjɛsɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	gĵetriè ˈɡjɛtri.ɛ	gĵetrin ˈɡjɛtrin	gĵetriș ˈɡjɛtriʃ	gĵetri ˈɡjɛtri	gĵetúris ɡjɛˈtuːris	gĵetúrite ɡjɛˈtuːritɛ	gĵetúri ɡjɛˈtuːri
past	gĵeseriè ɡjɛˈsɛri.ɛ	gĵeserin ˈɡjɛsɛrin	gĵeseriș ˈɡjɛsɛriʃ	gĵeseri ˈɡjɛsɛri	gĵesúris ɡjɛˈsuːris	gĵesúrite ɡjɛˈsuːritɛ	gĵesúri ɡjɛˈsuːri
subjunctive	non-past	gĵetariè ɡjɛˈtari.ɛ	gĵetarin ˈɡjɛtarin	gĵetariș ˈɡjɛtariʃ	gĵetari ˈɡjɛtari	gĵetavúris ˈɡjɛtavuːris	gĵetavúrite ˈɡjɛtavuːritɛ	gĵetavúri ˈɡjɛtavuːri
past	gĵesairiè ɡjɛˈsairi.ɛ	gĵesairin ɡjɛˈsairin	gĵesairiș ɡjɛˈsairiʃ	gĵesairi ɡjɛˈsairi	gĵesavúris ˈɡjɛsavuːris	gĵesavúrite ˈɡjɛsavuːritɛ	gĵesavúri ˈɡjɛsavuːri
optative	non-past	gĵetúriè ɡjɛˈtuːri.ɛ	gĵetúrin ɡjɛˈtuːrin	gĵetúriș ɡjɛˈtuːriʃ	gĵetúri ɡjɛˈtuːri	gĵetovúris ˈɡjɛtɔvuːris	gĵetovúrite ˈɡjɛtɔvuːritɛ	gĵetovúri ˈɡjɛtɔvuːri
past	gĵeseveriè ɡjɛˈsɛvɛri.ɛ	gĵeseverin ɡjɛˈsɛvɛrin	gĵeseveriș ɡjɛˈsɛvɛriʃ	gĵeseveri ɡjɛˈsɛvɛri	gĵesevúris ˈɡjɛsɛvuːris	gĵesevúrite ˈɡjɛsɛvuːritɛ	gĵesevúri ˈɡjɛsɛvuːri

nonfinite forms
infinitive	gĵetruot ˈɡjɛtruot
connegative	gĵetruota ɡjɛtˈruota
supine	gĵetruotúr ɡjɛtˈruotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	gĵestruviș ˈɡjɛstruviʃ
adverbial	gĵestruvivú ɡjɛsˈtruvivuː
past	adjectival	gĵetuokș ɡjɛˈtuokʃ
adverbial	gĵetúk ˈɡjɛtuːk
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		gĵetrúa ɡjɛtˈruːa	gĵetruvúș ˈɡjɛtruvuːʃ		gĵetruvuoș ˈɡjɛtruvuoʃ		gĵetruvovú ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuː
indicative	non-past	gĵetrúe ɡjɛtˈruːɛ	gĵetruva ˈɡjɛtruva	gĵetrúș ˈɡjɛtruːʃ	gĵetrú ˈɡjɛtruː	gĵetruvuos ˈɡjɛtruvuos	gĵetruvuote ˈɡjɛtruvuotɛ	gĵetruvú ˈɡjɛtruvuː
past	gĵestruvei ˈɡjɛstruvei	gĵestruven ˈɡjɛstruvɛn	gĵestruveș ˈɡjɛstruvɛʃ	gĵestruve ˈɡjɛstruvɛ	gĵestruvuos ˈɡjɛstruvuos	gĵestruvuote ˈɡjɛstruvuotɛ	gĵestruvú ˈɡjɛstruvuː
subjunctive	non-past	gĵetruvai ˈɡjɛtruvai	gĵetruvá ˈɡjɛtruvaː	gĵetruvaș ˈɡjɛtruvaʃ	gĵetruva ˈɡjɛtruva	gĵetruvavuos ɡjɛtˈruvavuos	gĵetruvavuote ɡjɛtˈruvavuotɛ	gĵetruvavú ɡjɛtˈruvavuː
past	gĵestruvai ˈɡjɛstruvai	gĵestruvain ˈɡjɛstruvain	gĵestruvaiș ˈɡjɛstruvaiʃ	gĵestruvai ˈɡjɛstruvai	gĵestruvavuos ɡjɛsˈtruvavuos	gĵestruvavuote ɡjɛsˈtruvavuotɛ	gĵestruvavú ɡjɛsˈtruvavuː
optative	non-past	gĵetruvúe ˈɡjɛtruvuːɛ	gĵetruvova ɡjɛtˈruvɔva	gĵetruvúș ˈɡjɛtruvuːʃ	gĵetruvú ˈɡjɛtruvuː	gĵetruvovuos ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuos	gĵetruvovuote ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuotɛ	gĵetruvovú ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuː
past	gĵestruvevei ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvei	gĵestruveven ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛn	gĵestruveveș ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛʃ	gĵestruveve ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛ	gĵestruvevuos ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuos	gĵestruvevuote ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuotɛ	gĵestruvevú ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	gĵetrúriè ɡjɛtˈruːri.ɛ	gĵetrúrin ɡjɛtˈruːrin	gĵetrúriș ɡjɛtˈruːriʃ	gĵetrúri ɡjɛtˈruːri	gĵetruvúris ˈɡjɛtruvuːris	gĵetruvúrite ˈɡjɛtruvuːritɛ	gĵetruvúri ˈɡjɛtruvuːri
past	gĵestruveriè ɡjɛsˈtruvɛri.ɛ	gĵestruverin ɡjɛsˈtruvɛrin	gĵestruveriș ɡjɛsˈtruvɛriʃ	gĵestruveri ɡjɛsˈtruvɛri	gĵestruvúris ˈɡjɛstruvuːris	gĵestruvúrite ˈɡjɛstruvuːritɛ	gĵestruvúri ˈɡjɛstruvuːri
subjunctive	non-past	gĵetruvariè ɡjɛtˈruvari.ɛ	gĵetruvarin ɡjɛtˈruvarin	gĵetruvariș ɡjɛtˈruvariʃ	gĵetruvari ɡjɛtˈruvari	gĵetruvavúris ɡjɛtˈruvavuːris	gĵetruvavúrite ɡjɛtˈruvavuːritɛ	gĵetruvavúri ɡjɛtˈruvavuːri
past	gĵestruvairiè ˈɡjɛstruvairi.ɛ	gĵestruvairin ˈɡjɛstruvairin	gĵestruvairiș ˈɡjɛstruvairiʃ	gĵestruvairi ˈɡjɛstruvairi	gĵestruvavúris ɡjɛsˈtruvavuːris	gĵestruvavúrite ɡjɛsˈtruvavuːritɛ	gĵestruvavúri ɡjɛsˈtruvavuːri
optative	non-past	gĵetruvúriè ˈɡjɛtruvuːri.ɛ	gĵetruvúrin ˈɡjɛtruvuːrin	gĵetruvúriș ˈɡjɛtruvuːriʃ	gĵetruvúri ˈɡjɛtruvuːri	gĵetruvovúris ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuːris	gĵetruvovúrite ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuːritɛ	gĵetruvovúri ɡjɛtˈruvɔvuːri
past	gĵestruveveriè ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛri.ɛ	gĵestruveverin ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛrin	gĵestruveveriș ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛriʃ	gĵestruveveri ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvɛri	gĵestruvevúris ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuːris	gĵestruvevúrite ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuːritɛ	gĵestruvevúri ɡjɛsˈtruvɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian glett, from Old Radestrian glett, from Proto-Radic *gletht (to fry), from Proto-Hirdic *ḡlet-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gletʼ- (to dip).

gjetuanouninanimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjɛtu.a

GEN.SG gjetvusk NOM.PL gjetvore ADJ gjetvuș

anatomy muscle

	singular	plural
nominative	gjetua ˈjɛtu.a	gjetvore ˈjɛtfɔrɛ
vocative	gjetvose ˈjɛtfɔsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjetvusk ˈjɛtfɤsk	gjetvoris ˈjɛtfɔris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjetvus ˈjɛtfɤs
dative	gjetvun ˈjɛtfɤn	gjetvorín ˈjɛtfɔriːn
accusative	gjetvust ˈjɛtfɤst	gjetvorid ˈjɛtfɔrid
instrumental	gjetvovúr ˈjɛtfɔvuːr	gjetvoríe ˈjɛtfɔriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjitura, from Old Radestrian ǧitwar, from Proto-Radic *ǧitǧor (muscle), from Proto-Hirdic *ghitghós, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱitʼ-gʱó-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱɯtʼ- (flesh).

gjeviesnouninanimateoranimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjɛvies

GEN.SG gjevieg NOM.PL gjevíe ADJ gjeveíș

foetus, baby, unborn child

Synonym: hņai

	singular	plural
nominative	gjevies ˈjɛvies	gjevíe jɛˈviːɛ
vocative	gjeviese jɛˈviesɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjevieg ˈjɛvieɡ	gjeveíris ˈjɛvɛ.iːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjevejes ˈjɛvɛjɛs
dative	gjeveíva ˈjɛvɛ.iːva	gjeveírín ˈjɛvɛ.iːriːn
accusative	gjevied ˈjɛvied	gjeveírid ˈjɛvɛ.iːrid
instrumental	gjeveívúr ˈjɛvɛ.iːvuːr	gjeveíríe ˈjɛvɛ.iːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjiveiss, gjivéss, from Old Radestrian ǧiveīr, from Proto-Radic *ǧivejijir, from Proto-Hirdic *ghibhéḵiṯis, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱe-bʱek-et-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *bʱek- (to arise).

gjiestverbtransitive26/07/2026

iest

NPST.1S gjiese PST.1S gjízei PRESPART gjiezivú PSPART gjízúl

to dare (to do), to risk

nonfinite forms
infinitive	gjiest iest
connegative	gjiesta ˈiesta
supine	gjiestúr ˈiestuːr
participle	present	adjectival	gjieziș ˈieziʃ
adverbial	gjiezivú ˈiezivuː
past	adjectival	gjízúș ˈiːzuːʃ
adverbial	gjízúl ˈiːzuːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		gjiesa ˈiesa	gjísúș ˈiːsuːʃ		gjísuoș ˈiːsuoʃ		gjísovú ˈiːsɔvuː
indicative	non-past	gjiese ˈiesɛ	gjísa ˈiːsa	gjieș ieʃ	gjís iːs	gjísuos ˈiːsuos	gjísuote ˈiːsuotɛ	gjísú ˈiːsuː
past	gjízei ˈiːzei	gjízen ˈiːzɛn	gjízeș ˈiːzɛʃ	gjíze ˈiːzɛ	gjízuos ˈiːzuos	gjízuote ˈiːzuotɛ	gjízú ˈiːzuː
subjunctive	non-past	gjísai ˈiːsai	gjísá ˈiːsaː	gjísaș ˈiːsaʃ	gjísa ˈiːsa	gjísavuos ˈiːsavuos	gjísavuote ˈiːsavuotɛ	gjísavú ˈiːsavuː
past	gjízai ˈiːzai	gjízain ˈiːzain	gjízaiș ˈiːzaiʃ	gjízai ˈiːzai	gjízavuos ˈiːzavuos	gjízavuote ˈiːzavuotɛ	gjízavú ˈiːzavuː
optative	non-past	gjísúe ˈiːsuːɛ	gjísova ˈiːsɔva	gjísúș ˈiːsuːʃ	gjísú ˈiːsuː	gjísovuos ˈiːsɔvuos	gjísovuote ˈiːsɔvuotɛ	gjísovú ˈiːsɔvuː
past	gjízevei ˈiːzɛvei	gjízeven ˈiːzɛvɛn	gjízeveș ˈiːzɛvɛʃ	gjízeve ˈiːzɛvɛ	gjízevuos ˈiːzɛvuos	gjízevuote ˈiːzɛvuotɛ	gjízevú ˈiːzɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	gjiestriè ˈiestri.ɛ	gjiestrin ˈiestrin	gjiestriș ˈiestriʃ	gjiestri ˈiestri	gjísúris ˈiːsuːris	gjísúrite ˈiːsuːritɛ	gjísúri ˈiːsuːri
past	gjízeriè ˈiːzɛri.ɛ	gjízerin ˈiːzɛrin	gjízeriș ˈiːzɛriʃ	gjízeri ˈiːzɛri	gjízúris ˈiːzuːris	gjízúrite ˈiːzuːritɛ	gjízúri ˈiːzuːri
subjunctive	non-past	gjísariè ˈiːsari.ɛ	gjísarin ˈiːsarin	gjísariș ˈiːsariʃ	gjísari ˈiːsari	gjísavúris ˈiːsavuːris	gjísavúrite ˈiːsavuːritɛ	gjísavúri ˈiːsavuːri
past	gjízairiè ˈiːzairi.ɛ	gjízairin ˈiːzairin	gjízairiș ˈiːzairiʃ	gjízairi ˈiːzairi	gjízavúris ˈiːzavuːris	gjízavúrite ˈiːzavuːritɛ	gjízavúri ˈiːzavuːri
optative	non-past	gjísúriè ˈiːsuːri.ɛ	gjísúrin ˈiːsuːrin	gjísúriș ˈiːsuːriʃ	gjísúri ˈiːsuːri	gjísovúris ˈiːsɔvuːris	gjísovúrite ˈiːsɔvuːritɛ	gjísovúri ˈiːsɔvuːri
past	gjízeveriè ˈiːzɛvɛri.ɛ	gjízeverin ˈiːzɛvɛrin	gjízeveriș ˈiːzɛvɛriʃ	gjízeveri ˈiːzɛvɛri	gjízevúris ˈiːzɛvuːris	gjízevúrite ˈiːzɛvuːritɛ	gjízevúri ˈiːzɛvuːri

nonfinite forms
infinitive	gjiezdruot ˈiezdruot
connegative	gjiezdruota ˈiezdruota
supine	gjiezdruotúr ˈiezdruotuːr
participle	present	adjectival	gjiezdruviș ˈiezdruviʃ
adverbial	gjiezdruvivú ˈiezdruvivuː
past	adjectival	gjízuokș ˈiːzuokʃ
adverbial	gjízúk ˈiːzuːk
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		gjiestrúa ˈiestruːa	gjiestruvúș ˈiestruvuːʃ		gjiestruvuoș ˈiestruvuoʃ		gjiestruvovú ˈiestruvɔvuː
indicative	non-past	gjiestrúe ˈiestruːɛ	gjiestruva ˈiestruva	gjiestrúș ˈiestruːʃ	gjiestrú ˈiestruː	gjiestruvuos ˈiestruvuos	gjiestruvuote ˈiestruvuotɛ	gjiestruvú ˈiestruvuː
past	gjiezdruvei ˈiezdruvei	gjiezdruven ˈiezdruvɛn	gjiezdruveș ˈiezdruvɛʃ	gjiezdruve ˈiezdruvɛ	gjiezdruvuos ˈiezdruvuos	gjiezdruvuote ˈiezdruvuotɛ	gjiezdruvú ˈiezdruvuː
subjunctive	non-past	gjiestruvai ˈiestruvai	gjiestruvá ˈiestruvaː	gjiestruvaș ˈiestruvaʃ	gjiestruva ˈiestruva	gjiestruvavuos ˈiestruvavuos	gjiestruvavuote ˈiestruvavuotɛ	gjiestruvavú ˈiestruvavuː
past	gjiezdruvai ˈiezdruvai	gjiezdruvain ˈiezdruvain	gjiezdruvaiș ˈiezdruvaiʃ	gjiezdruvai ˈiezdruvai	gjiezdruvavuos ˈiezdruvavuos	gjiezdruvavuote ˈiezdruvavuotɛ	gjiezdruvavú ˈiezdruvavuː
optative	non-past	gjiestruvúe ˈiestruvuːɛ	gjiestruvova ˈiestruvɔva	gjiestruvúș ˈiestruvuːʃ	gjiestruvú ˈiestruvuː	gjiestruvovuos ˈiestruvɔvuos	gjiestruvovuote ˈiestruvɔvuotɛ	gjiestruvovú ˈiestruvɔvuː
past	gjiezdruvevei ˈiezdruvɛvei	gjiezdruveven ˈiezdruvɛvɛn	gjiezdruveveș ˈiezdruvɛvɛʃ	gjiezdruveve ˈiezdruvɛvɛ	gjiezdruvevuos ˈiezdruvɛvuos	gjiezdruvevuote ˈiezdruvɛvuotɛ	gjiezdruvevú ˈiezdruvɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	gjiestrúriè ˈiestruːri.ɛ	gjiestrúrin ˈiestruːrin	gjiestrúriș ˈiestruːriʃ	gjiestrúri ˈiestruːri	gjiestruvúris ˈiestruvuːris	gjiestruvúrite ˈiestruvuːritɛ	gjiestruvúri ˈiestruvuːri
past	gjiezdruveriè ˈiezdruvɛri.ɛ	gjiezdruverin ˈiezdruvɛrin	gjiezdruveriș ˈiezdruvɛriʃ	gjiezdruveri ˈiezdruvɛri	gjiezdruvúris ˈiezdruvuːris	gjiezdruvúrite ˈiezdruvuːritɛ	gjiezdruvúri ˈiezdruvuːri
subjunctive	non-past	gjiestruvariè ˈiestruvari.ɛ	gjiestruvarin ˈiestruvarin	gjiestruvariș ˈiestruvariʃ	gjiestruvari ˈiestruvari	gjiestruvavúris ˈiestruvavuːris	gjiestruvavúrite ˈiestruvavuːritɛ	gjiestruvavúri ˈiestruvavuːri
past	gjiezdruvairiè ˈiezdruvairi.ɛ	gjiezdruvairin ˈiezdruvairin	gjiezdruvairiș ˈiezdruvairiʃ	gjiezdruvairi ˈiezdruvairi	gjiezdruvavúris ˈiezdruvavuːris	gjiezdruvavúrite ˈiezdruvavuːritɛ	gjiezdruvavúri ˈiezdruvavuːri
optative	non-past	gjiestruvúriè ˈiestruvuːri.ɛ	gjiestruvúrin ˈiestruvuːrin	gjiestruvúriș ˈiestruvuːriʃ	gjiestruvúri ˈiestruvuːri	gjiestruvovúris ˈiestruvɔvuːris	gjiestruvovúrite ˈiestruvɔvuːritɛ	gjiestruvovúri ˈiestruvɔvuːri
past	gjiezdruveveriè ˈiezdruvɛvɛri.ɛ	gjiezdruveverin ˈiezdruvɛvɛrin	gjiezdruveveriș ˈiezdruvɛvɛriʃ	gjiezdruveveri ˈiezdruvɛvɛri	gjiezdruvevúris ˈiezdruvɛvuːris	gjiezdruvevúrite ˈiezdruvɛvuːritɛ	gjiezdruvevúri ˈiezdruvɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian gjést, from Old Radestrian gǫðtt, from Proto-Radic *gǫðht, from Proto-Hirdic *gɤ̄́dh-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ᵑgajdʱ- (to rush).

gjoavsnouninanimateuncountable26/07/2026

jɔafs

GEN.SG gjúvu ADJ gjúviș

mould

	singular
nominative	gjoavs jɔafs
vocative	gjoavse ˈjɔafsɛ
genitive	gjúvu ˈjuːvu
dative	gjoava ˈjɔava
accusative	gjoavd jɔavd
instrumental	gjoavúr ˈjɔavuːr

From Middle Radestrian gjoavs (gjóvu), from Old Radestrian ǧoals (ǧōlw), from Proto-Radic *ǧowals, from Proto-Hirdic *ghəwáləs, *ghowáləs, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱa-wal-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *wal- (black).

gjoltverbintransitive26/07/2026

jɔlt

NPST.1S gjolge PST.1S gjoldrei PRESPART gjoldrivú PSPART gjoldrúl

to fast

nonfinite forms
infinitive	gjolt^△ jɔlt
connegative	gjolta^△ ˈjɔlta
supine	gjoltúr^△ ˈjɔltuːr
participle	present	adjectival	gjoldriș ˈjɔldriʃ
adverbial	gjoldrivú ˈjɔldrivuː
past	adjectival	gjoldrúș ˈjɔldruːʃ
adverbial	gjoldrúl ˈjɔldruːl
finite forms	singular	plural
first	second	third	disjunctive	first	second	third	disjunctive
informal	formal	inclusive	exclusive
ú	re	lește	vâs, vara	gjei, gjen, gjeș …	dzun, sted	dzate	sjáște	vír, vara	gjes, gjete, gje …
simple	imperative		gjolga^△ ˈjɔlɡa	gjolgúș^△ ˈjɔlɡuːʃ		gjolguoș^△ ˈjɔlɡuoʃ		gjolgovú^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuː
indicative	non-past	gjolge^△ ˈjɔlɡɛ	gjolgș^△ jɔlkʃ	gjolg^△ jɔlɡ	gjolguos^△ ˈjɔlɡuos	gjolguote^△ jɔlˈɡuotɛ	gjolgú^△ ˈjɔlɡuː
past	gjoldrei ˈjɔldrei	gjoldren ˈjɔldrɛn	gjoldreș ˈjɔldrɛʃ	gjoldre ˈjɔldrɛ	gjoldruos ˈjɔldruos	gjoldruote jɔlˈdruotɛ	gjoldrú ˈjɔldruː
subjunctive	non-past	gjolgai^△ ˈjɔlɡai	gjolgá^△ ˈjɔlɡaː	gjolgaș^△ ˈjɔlɡaʃ	gjolga^△ ˈjɔlɡa	gjolgavuos^△ ˈjɔlɡavuos	gjolgavuote^△ ˈjɔlɡavuotɛ	gjolgavú^△ ˈjɔlɡavuː
past	gjoldrai ˈjɔldrai	gjoldrain ˈjɔldrain	gjoldraiș ˈjɔldraiʃ	gjoldrai ˈjɔldrai	gjoldravuos ˈjɔldravuos	gjoldravuote ˈjɔldravuotɛ	gjoldravú ˈjɔldravuː
optative	non-past	gjolgúe^△ jɔlˈɡuːɛ	gjolgova^△ ˈjɔlɡɔva	gjolgúș^△ ˈjɔlɡuːʃ	gjolgú^△ ˈjɔlɡuː	gjolgovuos^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuos	gjolgovuote^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuotɛ	gjolgovú^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuː
past	gjoldrevei ˈjɔldrɛvei	gjoldreven ˈjɔldrɛvɛn	gjoldreveș ˈjɔldrɛvɛʃ	gjoldreve ˈjɔldrɛvɛ	gjoldrevuos ˈjɔldrɛvuos	gjoldrevuote ˈjɔldrɛvuotɛ	gjoldrevú ˈjɔldrɛvuː
habitual	indicative	non-past	gjolgriè^△ ˈjɔlɡri.ɛ	gjolgrin^△ ˈjɔlɡrin	gjolgriș^△ ˈjɔlɡriʃ	gjolgri^△ ˈjɔlɡri	gjolgúris^△ jɔlˈɡuːris	gjolgúrite^△ jɔlˈɡuːritɛ	gjolgúri^△ jɔlˈɡuːri
past	gjoldreriè jɔlˈdrɛri.ɛ	gjoldrerin ˈjɔldrɛrin	gjoldreriș ˈjɔldrɛriʃ	gjoldreri ˈjɔldrɛri	gjoldrúris jɔlˈdruːris	gjoldrúrite jɔlˈdruːritɛ	gjoldrúri jɔlˈdruːri
subjunctive	non-past	gjolgariè^△ jɔlˈɡari.ɛ	gjolgarin^△ ˈjɔlɡarin	gjolgariș^△ ˈjɔlɡariʃ	gjolgari^△ ˈjɔlɡari	gjolgavúris^△ ˈjɔlɡavuːris	gjolgavúrite^△ ˈjɔlɡavuːritɛ	gjolgavúri^△ ˈjɔlɡavuːri
past	gjoldrairiè jɔlˈdrairi.ɛ	gjoldrairin jɔlˈdrairin	gjoldrairiș jɔlˈdrairiʃ	gjoldrairi jɔlˈdrairi	gjoldravúris ˈjɔldravuːris	gjoldravúrite ˈjɔldravuːritɛ	gjoldravúri ˈjɔldravuːri
optative	non-past	gjolgúriè^△ jɔlˈɡuːri.ɛ	gjolgúrin^△ jɔlˈɡuːrin	gjolgúriș^△ jɔlˈɡuːriʃ	gjolgúri^△ jɔlˈɡuːri	gjolgovúris^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuːris	gjolgovúrite^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuːritɛ	gjolgovúri^△ ˈjɔlɡɔvuːri
past	gjoldreveriè jɔlˈdrɛvɛri.ɛ	gjoldreverin jɔlˈdrɛvɛrin	gjoldreveriș jɔlˈdrɛvɛriʃ	gjoldreveri jɔlˈdrɛvɛri	gjoldrevúris ˈjɔldrɛvuːris	gjoldrevúrite ˈjɔldrɛvuːritɛ	gjoldrevúri ˈjɔldrɛvuːri

From Middle Radestrian gjulurt, from Old Radestrian gurortt, from Proto-Radic *gurorht, from Proto-Hirdic *ḡuḏóz-, from Proto-Laenkean *(ᵑ)gu<dó>z-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *(ᵑ)gæwz- (to sacrifice).

gjoricírnouninanimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjɔritsiːr

GEN.SG gjoricí NOM.PL gjoricíre GEN₂.PL gjoricjes ADJ gjoricíș

danger, threat, unrest

	singular	plural
nominative	gjoricír ˈjɔritsiːr	gjoricíre ˈjɔritsiːrɛ
vocative	gjoricíse ˈjɔritsiːsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjoricí ˈjɔritsiː	gjoricíris ˈjɔritsiːris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjoricjes ˈjɔritʃɛs
dative	gjoricea ˈjɔritsæː	gjoricírín ˈjɔritsiːriːn
accusative	gjoricíd ˈjɔritsiːd	gjoricírid ˈjɔritsiːrid
instrumental	gjoriceúr jɔˈritsɛ.uːr	gjoricíríe ˈjɔritsiːriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjuricér, from Old Radestrian ǧuricēr, from Proto-Radic *ǧuricēr (danger), from Proto-Hirdic *ghurjkéḡis (bad omen), from Proto-Laenkean *gʱo-tr̥jkʼ-ég-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *trjokʼ- (bad).

gjorișadjectivecomparable26/07/2026

ˈjɔriʃ

COMP detuobș ADV gjorí

1.big, large

2.tall (of people)

degree	form
positive	gjoriș ˈjɔriʃ
comparative	detuobș dɛˈtuopʃ
superlative	detúvaș dɛˈtuːvaʃ
excessive	detâbyș ˈdɛtɤbiʃ

singular	plural
inanimate	animate
gjoriș ˈjɔriʃ	gjorișe ˈjɔriʃɛ
postposed definite article enclisis
a	a’	ag	ai	i	u
gjorișa ˈjɔriʃa	gjorișa’ ˈjɔriʃa	gjorișag ˈjɔriʃaɡ	gjorișai ˈjɔriʃai	gjorișei, gjoriși (colloquial) ˈjɔriʃei ˈjɔriʃi	gjorișu ˈjɔriʃu

	singular	plural
inanimate	animate
nominative	gjorișe ˈjɔriʃɛ
vocative
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjorișk ˈjɔriʃk	gjorișesk ˈjɔriʃɛsk	gjorișeris jɔˈriʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjorișes ˈjɔriʃɛs
dative	gjorișa ˈjɔriʃa	gjorișen ˈjɔriʃɛn	gjorișerín jɔˈriʃɛriːn
accusative	gjorișt ˈjɔriʃt	gjorișest ˈjɔriʃɛst	gjorișerid jɔˈriʃɛrid
instrumental	gjorișúr ˈjɔriʃuːr	gjorișevúr jɔˈriʃɛvuːr	gjorișeríe jɔˈriʃɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjoriș, from Old Radestrian gorišjer, from Proto-Radic *gòrišjir, from Proto-Hirdic *ḡárəs, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gar- (big). Comparative forms from the Proto-Laenkean root *ditʼ- (to protrude).

gjotișadjectivecomparable26/07/2026

ˈjɔtiʃ

COMP gjotuobș ADV gjotí

raw

degree	form
positive	gjotiș ˈjɔtiʃ
comparative	gjotuobș jɔˈtuopʃ
superlative	gjotúvaș jɔˈtuːvaʃ
excessive	gjotâbyș ˈjɔtɤbiʃ

From Middle Radestrian gjutiș, from Old Radestrian ǧŭtišjer, from Proto-Radic *ǧıts, *ǧıtišjir, from Proto-Hirdic *ghɯ́tɯs, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱɯtʼ- (flesh).

gjøparticle+ disjunctive26/07/2026

jœ

1. question-forming particle

Bist gjøn devúl? What have you done?

2.+ indicative if, whether

Hjei sjelta, devúl gjøș-ast. I don’t know if he’s done it.

3.+ subjunctive even if

4.or (interrogative choice)

Þyrs gjøn, gjøn Angus? Are you German or English?

	singular	plural
inclusive	exclusive
first	gjøi jai	gjøs jœs	gjøte ˈjœtɛ
second	gjøn jœn	gjø jœ
third	gjøș jœʃ

As a question-forming particle, it is the preceded by the interrogative element. If pronominal, this is also the short form unless emphatic.

From Middle Radestrian gjo, from Old Radestrian ǧo, from Proto-Radic *ǧo, from Proto-Hirdic *gho, from the Proto-Laenkean root *g(ʱ)o- (discourse marker).

gĵøþsnouninanimatecountable26/07/2026

ɡjœθs

GEN.SG gĵøsk NOM.PL gĵøðe ADJ gĵøðiș

anatomy head

	singular	plural
nominative	gĵøþs ɡjœθs	gĵøðe ˈɡjœðɛ
vocative	gĵøþse ˈɡjœθsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gĵøsk ɡjœsk	gĵøðiris ˈɡjœðiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gĵøðis ˈɡjœðis
dative	gĵøða ˈɡjœða	gĵøðirín ˈɡjœðiriːn
accusative	gĵøst ɡjœst	gĵøðirid ˈɡjœðirid
instrumental	gĵøðúr ˈɡjœðuːr	gĵøðiríe ˈɡjœðiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gløþs, from Old Radestrian ŋløþre (head, skull, outer head), from Proto-Radic *ŋylþir (animal head), from Proto-Hirdic *ŋýlthis, from Proto-Laenkean *ŋyl-tʰ-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ŋyl- (to turn).

gjúanounanimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjuːa

GEN.SG gjovusk NOM.PL gjovore ADJ gjovuș

zoology beetle

	singular	plural
nominative	gjúa ˈjuːa	gjovore ˈjɔvɔrɛ
vocative	gjovose ˈjɔvɔsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjovusk ˈjɔvɤsk	gjovoris ˈjɔvɔris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjovus ˈjɔvɤs
dative	gjovun ˈjɔvɤn	gjovorín ˈjɔvɔriːn
accusative	gjovust ˈjɔvɤst	gjovorid ˈjɔvɔrid
instrumental	gjovovúr ˈjɔvɔvuːr	gjovoríe ˈjɔvɔriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjuss, gjúra, from Old Radestrian ǧūr, from Proto-Radic *ǧuwur, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱwop- (to bite).

gjuntușnouninanimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjɤntɤʃ

GEN.SG gjuntușk NOM.PL gjuntûșe ADJ gjuntoșeș

sofa, couch

	singular	plural
nominative	gjuntuș ˈjɤntɤʃ	gjuntûșe ˈjɤntɤʃɛ
vocative	gjuntûșe ˈjɤntɤʃɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjuntușk ˈjɤntɤʃk	gjuntoșeris jɤnˈtɔʃɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjuntoșes ˈjɤntɔʃɛs
dative	gjuntoșa ˈjɤntɔʃa	gjuntoșerín jɤnˈtɔʃɛriːn
accusative	gjuntușt ˈjɤntɤʃt	gjuntoșerid jɤnˈtɔʃɛrid
instrumental	gjuntoșúr ˈjɤntɔʃuːr	gjuntoșeríe jɤnˈtɔʃɛriːɛ

Borrowed from Laefevian guntož.

gjuovanouninanimatecountable09/07/2026

ˈjuova

GEN.SG gjuovisk NOM.PL gjuovere ADJ gjuoviș

spring

	singular	plural
nominative	gjuova ˈjuova	gjuovere ˈjuovɛrɛ
vocative	gjuovese ˈjuovɛsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjuovisk ˈjuovisk	gjuoveris ˈjuovɛris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjuovis ˈjuovis
dative	gjuoven ˈjuovɛn	gjuoverín ˈjuovɛriːn
accusative	gjuovest ˈjuovɛst	gjuoverid ˈjuovɛrid
instrumental	gjuovevúr ˈjuovɛvuːr	gjuoveríe ˈjuovɛriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjúvbra, from Old Radestrian ǧŭwvbræ, from Proto-Radic *ǧıgbber, from Proto-Hirdic *ghəgbbés, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱæ-ŋ̊gb-bé-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *ᵑgæb- (to grow).

gĵeme, austrans, vjeņe

gjursnounanimatecountable26/07/2026

jɤrs

GEN.SG gjuru NOM.PL gjûre ADJ gjuriș

zoology goose

	singular	plural
nominative	gjurs jɤrs	gjûre ˈjɤrɛ
vocative	gjurse ˈjɤrsɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjuru ˈjuru	gjuriris ˈjuriris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjuris ˈjuris
dative	gjura ˈjura	gjurirín ˈjuririːn
accusative	gjurd jɤrd	gjuririd ˈjuririd
instrumental	gjurúr ˈjuruːr	gjuriríe ˈjuririːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjurs, from Old Radestrian ǧurro, from Proto-Radic *ǧurur, from Proto-Hirdic *ghúzus, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱuz- (goose).

gjuskusnounanimatecountable26/07/2026

ˈjɤskɤs

GEN.SG gjuskvu NOM.PL gjuskui ADJ gjuskviș

oyster, clam, mussel

	singular	plural
nominative	gjuskus ˈjɤskɤs	gjuskui ˈjɤskɤi
vocative	gjuskuse ˈjɤskusɛ
genitive	direct (ɢᴇɴ₁)	gjuskvu ˈjɤskfu	gjuskviris ˈjɤskfiris
relational (ɢᴇɴ₂)	gjuskvis ˈjɤskfis
dative	gjuskva ˈjɤskfa	gjuskvirín ˈjɤskfiriːn
accusative	gjuskud ˈjɤskɤd	gjuskvirid ˈjɤskfirid
instrumental	gjuskvúr ˈjɤskfuːr	gjuskviríe ˈjɤskfiriːɛ

From Middle Radestrian gjuskus, from Old Radestrian ǧŭskŭls, from Proto-Radic *ǧıtkıls, from Proto-Hirdic *ghɯ̄́tkəs, from Proto-Laenkean *gʱɯtʼ-kʼa(ʔ)-, from the Proto-Laenkean root *gʱɯtʼ- (flesh).

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